工作时间、收入不平等和预期寿命:2005-2018 年美国各州纵向分析

IF 2.2 4区 社会学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Sociological Inquiry Pub Date : 2024-08-31 DOI:10.1111/soin.12630
Jared Berry Fitzgerald
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引用次数: 0

摘要

以往关于工作时间与健康之间关系的研究普遍认为,延长工作时间不利于健康。以往研究中尚未探讨的一个问题是,收入不平等等其他社会结构如何影响工作时间与健康之间的关系。本研究综合了收入不平等和工作时间对健康影响的论点,探讨了收入不平等如何调节工作时间与平均预期寿命之间的关系。研究认为,在收入不平等程度较高的地方,工作时间对预期寿命的影响会更大,这是因为延长工作时间会增加不稳定性、压力和焦虑。通过研究 2005 年至 2018 年美国 50 个州的数据,双向固定效应模型的结果表明,扣除其他重要的经济和人口控制因素,平均工时较长的州往往表现出较低的平均预期寿命。模型还显示,在收入不平等程度较高的州,工作时间对预期寿命的影响更大。这些研究结果表明,工作时间与不平等之间存在复杂的联系,会对人口健康产生负面影响。
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Working Time, Income Inequality, and Life Expectancy: A Longitudinal Analysis of US States, 2005–2018
Previous studies on the relationship between working time and health generally find that longer working hours are detrimental for health outcomes. An unexplored issue in prior research is how other social structures, such as income inequality, can influence the working time/health relationship. Integrating arguments on the health consequences of income inequality and working time, this study considers how income inequality moderates the relationship between working hours and average life expectancy. It is proposed that the effect of working hours on life expectancy is greater in places that have higher levels of income inequality due to the increased precarity, stress and anxiety associated with longer work hours. Examining data from all 50 US states from 2005 to 2018, results from two‐way fixed‐effect models suggest that states with longer average working hours tend to exhibit lower average life expectancy net of other important economic and demographic controls. The models also reveal that the effect of working time on life expectancy is larger in states with higher levels of income inequality. These findings suggest that there are complex linkages between working time and inequality that negatively impact population health.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
37
期刊介绍: Sociological Inquiry (SI) is committed to the exploration of the human condition in all of its social and cultural complexity. Its papers challenge us to look anew at traditional areas or identify novel areas for investigation. SI publishes both theoretical and empirical work as well as varied research methods in the study of social and cultural life.
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