一切都与大小有关吗?分解综合表型以了解物种共存和生态位隔离

IF 4.6 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Functional Ecology Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI:10.1111/1365-2435.14646
Carolina Reyes‐Puig, Urtzi Enriquez‐Urzelai, Miguel A. Carretero, Antigoni Kaliontzopoulou
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引用次数: 0

摘要

生态位隔离是减少共存物种之间竞争的一种机制。生态位是一个多维空间,由物种生存的条件和资源决定。我们对包括形态学、功能表现和生态生理学在内的表型特征进行了全面的单变量和多维度分析,以研究在两个共存的绿蜥物种中,哪些表型特征有助于生态位分离和重叠。我们的分析表明,体型是造成生态位分离的主要因素。然而,当考虑体型校正表型空间时,生态生理特征仍然是不同的,共存物种之间几乎没有重叠。这种差异主要与喜好的温度变化和失水有关,突出了热和水生生态位隔离的重要性。一些特殊的性状(如肢体长度)也有助于在形态空间中保持生态位隔离,即使在考虑到体型的影响时也是如此。相反,功能表现特征(即咬合力、运动表现)的表型空间在两个物种之间显示出最大的重叠,因此,在去除体型效应后,观察到的生态位隔离较少。因此,功能性表现特征对两个物种之间的有效生态位隔离所起的作用很小。根据我们的研究结果,要了解共存物种的生态位隔离,最适当的方法是在不同的表型空间中采用多维方法。我们对表型性状的分解使我们能够识别出性状重叠的生态位区域,以及考虑或不考虑大小效应而促进生态位分离的其他区域。我们的研究结果表明,对结构性和功能性生态位空间的不同利用促进了有效的生态位隔离,从而有可能减少物种间的直接竞争。我们强调了结合几种表型特征进行研究的重要性,这些表型特征作为一个整体,为更好地理解共存生物在多维空间中利用不同资源的机制提供了启示。在期刊博客上免费阅读本文的通俗摘要。
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Is it all about size? Dismantling the integrated phenotype to understand species coexistence and niche segregation
Niche segregation is a mechanism by which competition between coexisting species is reduced. The ecological niche is a multidimensional space shaped by the conditions and resources that enable the existence of species. We conducted comprehensive univariate and multidimensional analyses of phenotypic traits encompassing morphology, functional performance and ecophysiology, to investigate which phenotypic traits contribute to niche segregation and overlap in two coexisting green lizard species. Our analyses revealed that the main driver of niche segregation was body size. However, when considering size‐corrected phenotypic spaces, ecophysiological traits were still distinct, with little overlap between co‐occurring species. Such differentiation was linked mainly to preferred temperature variance and water loss, highlighting the importance of thermal and hydric niche segregation. Some particular traits such as limb length also contributed to niche segregation being maintained in the morphological space, even when the effect of size was accounted for. Instead, the phenotypic space of functional performance traits (i.e. bite force, locomotor performance) showed the greatest overlap between the two species, thus, less niche segregation was observed, once size effects were removed. Therefore, functional performance traits contribute in a minor proportion to the effective niche segregation between the two species. In light of our results, the most adequate perspective to understand niche segregation in coexisting species is through a multidimensional approach in differentiated phenotypic spaces. Our dismantling of phenotypic traits allowed us to identify niche areas in which trait overlap occurs and others that promote niche segregation, considering or not size effects. Our results suggest that differential use of structural and functional niche space promotes effective niche segregation, potentially reducing direct competition between species. We highlight the importance of studies that include the combination of several phenotypic traits that, as a whole, provide insights to better understand the mechanisms by which coexisting organisms exploit differentiated resources in multidimensional spaces. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
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来源期刊
Functional Ecology
Functional Ecology 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
9.00
自引率
1.90%
发文量
243
审稿时长
4 months
期刊介绍: Functional Ecology publishes high-impact papers that enable a mechanistic understanding of ecological pattern and process from the organismic to the ecosystem scale. Because of the multifaceted nature of this challenge, papers can be based on a wide range of approaches. Thus, manuscripts may vary from physiological, genetics, life-history, and behavioural perspectives for organismal studies to community and biogeochemical studies when the goal is to understand ecosystem and larger scale ecological phenomena. We believe that the diverse nature of our journal is a strength, not a weakness, and we are open-minded about the variety of data, research approaches and types of studies that we publish. Certain key areas will continue to be emphasized: studies that integrate genomics with ecology, studies that examine how key aspects of physiology (e.g., stress) impact the ecology of animals and plants, or vice versa, and how evolution shapes interactions among function and ecological traits. Ecology has increasingly moved towards the realization that organismal traits and activities are vital for understanding community dynamics and ecosystem processes, particularly in response to the rapid global changes occurring in earth’s environment, and Functional Ecology aims to publish such integrative papers.
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