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Mechanisms by which growth and succession limit the impact of fire—A comment on Zylstra et al.'s model 生长和演替限制火灾影响的机制--对 Zylstra 等人的模型的评论
IF 4.6 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14547
Lachlan McCaw

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引用次数: 0
Reply to: Mechanisms by which growth and succession limit the impact of fire in a south-western Australian forested ecosystem—A comment on Zylstra et al.'s model 答复澳大利亚西南部森林生态系统中生长和演替限制火灾影响的机制--对 Zylstra 等人模型的评论
IF 4.6 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14661
Philip Zylstra, Grant Wardell-Johnson

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引用次数: 0
Odour information enables patch choice by mammalian herbivores from afar, leading to predictable plant associational effects 气味信息使哺乳动物食草动物能够从远处选择斑块,从而产生可预测的植物关联效应
IF 4.6 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14665
Patrick B. Finnerty, Adrian M. Shrader, Peter B. Banks, Melissa H. Schmitt, Clare McArthur

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引用次数: 0
Biodegradable microplastics can cause more serious loss of soil organic carbon by priming effect than conventional microplastics in farmland shelterbelts 与农田防护林中的传统微塑料相比,生物可降解微塑料的引燃效应会造成更严重的土壤有机碳损失
IF 4.6 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14662
Kaitao Jia, Siming Nie, Mengfei Tian, Wenxue Sun, Yuan Gao, Yaru Zhang, Xiaofei Xie, Ziqi Xu, Chunjian Zhao, Chunying Li

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引用次数: 0
The combination of high leaf hydraulic safety and water use efficiency allows alpine shrubs to adapt to high-altitude habitats 高叶片水力安全和用水效率的结合使高山灌木能够适应高海拔的栖息地
IF 4.6 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-22 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14660
Guang-Qian Yao, Shi-Hua Qi, Yan-Ru Li, Yu-Na Duan, Chao Jiang, Zheng-Fei Nie, Xu-Dong Liu, Md. Mahadi Hasan, Dang-Hui Xu, Wen-Mao Jing, Scott McAdam, Xiang-Wen Fang

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引用次数: 0
Effects of warming and parasitism on root traits and the root economics space 气候变暖和寄生虫对根系特征和根系经济学空间的影响
IF 4.6 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14658
Yongge Yuan, Mark van Kleunen, Junmin Li

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(2021 年)发现,气候变暖增加了大豆(Glycine max)的 AMF 定殖和 RTD,同时降低了 SRL。这些结果表明,为了应对气候变暖,大豆可能会在根系经济学空间中转向 "外包 "和 "缓慢 "策略。最近,物种分布模型预测,到 2070 年,气候变暖可能会使大豆与其主要害虫之一--菟丝子属寄生植物--之间的潜在生态位重叠增加多达六倍(Cai 等人,2022 年;Shao,1990 年)。寄生植物会强烈抑制寄主植物的生长,并减少寄主植物对地下结构的碳分配(Yuan,Gao,et al.,2023;Yuan &amp; Li,2022;Yuan,Lin,et al.,2023)。例如,我们之前的一项研究表明,菟丝子寄生会减少根系生长和 AMF 在 Bidens pilosa 中的定殖,同时增加氮和磷的浓度(Yuan, Lin, et al.)如果大豆的情况也是如此,寄生虫可能会导致大豆在根系经济学空间中转向 "自己动手 "和 "快速 "策略。为了检验大豆的根系功能特性及其在根系经济空间中的位置是否受到气候变暖和菟丝子寄生的影响,我们在室外进行了一个因子盆栽实验。在寄主植物上,我们测量了根鞘中的SRL、SRA、RD、根氮浓度(RN)、RTD、AMF定殖率(MC)、根瘤生物量(NB)和AP酶活性。我们描述了这些根系性状之间的关系以及大豆植株沿根系经济学空间轴线的位置随气候变暖和寄生现象而发生的变化。我们的假设是:(i) AMF 和根瘤菌的定殖与根系经济学空间中的 "外包 "策略呈正相关;(ii) 气候变暖将通过增加 AMF 和根瘤菌的定殖使大豆植株从 "自己动手 "策略转变为 "外包 "策略,并通过产生具有较高 RTD 和较低 RN 的根系使养分获取策略从 "快 "转变为 "慢";(iii) 寄生虫会减少 AMF 和根瘤菌的定殖,从而使大豆植物从 "外包 "战略转向 "自己动手 "战略,并通过产生较低 RTD 和较高 RN 的根系,使大豆植物从 "慢 "战略转向 "快 "战略;以及 (iv) 当植物同时受到变暖和寄生虫的影响时,它们各自对根系特征的影响将相互中和。
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引用次数: 0
Microplastic additions modulate intraspecific variability in root traits and mycorrhizal responses across root-life history strategies 微塑料添加物调节不同根系生活史策略中根系特征和菌根反应的种内变异性
IF 4.6 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14659
E. Kanold, S. W. Buchanan, K. Dunfield, P. M. Antunes

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引用次数: 0
A call to integrate non-visual functions of pigments and their interactions with visual functions to understand global change impacts on visual systems 呼吁整合色素的非视觉功能及其与视觉功能的相互作用,以了解全球变化对视觉系统的影响
IF 5.2 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14656
Beth A. Reinke, Julian D. Avery, Jessica Hua
<h2>1 INTRODUCTION</h2><p>Vision plays a central role in the ecology of many organisms, shaping the outcomes of their interactions with each other and the environment (e.g. predator–prey; host–parasite). The evolution of visual systems is impacted by variation in visual traits (e.g. coloration; Endler et al., <span>2005</span>), which can have signalling roles but which may also have <i>non-signalling functions</i> that have significant and synergistic effects (Koneru & Caro, <span>2022</span>). Importantly, animal coloration, which derives from diverse pigments and structures and is shaped by numerous biotic and abiotic factors, occurs in both integumentary structures (i.e. skin, fur, feathers, beaks, scales and shells), and non-integumentary structures (i.e. inner organs and blood; Hill & McGraw, <span>2006</span>). Because integumentary structures are the component that interacts directly with the environment, this is the tissue that is most likely to have an impact on the evolution of visual systems and is thus the focus of this perspective. To date, substantial progress has been made on our understanding of how organisms detect visual cues including the precise estimations of colour vision and visual capabilities (e.g. Maia et al., <span>2019</span>; van den Berg et al., <span>2020</span>; Vorobyev & Osorio, <span>1998</span>) and how specific visual systems may be influenced by their environments (e.g. Endler, <span>1992</span>; Härer et al., <span>2018</span>; Leal & Fleishman, <span>2002</span>). However, given the range of pigmented integumentary tissues that occur in nature (Figure 1), there is still much to learn about the non-visual functional significance of these pigments and how they may subsequently influence visual systems, particularly as global change alters selective landscapes (Koneru & Caro, <span>2022</span>; Rojas, <span>2016</span>).</p><figure><picture><source media="(min-width: 1650px)" srcset="/cms/asset/94a9c412-9249-4738-af22-4d7536a95a5b/fec14656-fig-0001-m.jpg"/><img alt="Details are in the caption following the image" data-lg-src="/cms/asset/94a9c412-9249-4738-af22-4d7536a95a5b/fec14656-fig-0001-m.jpg" loading="lazy" src="/cms/asset/8f3c678a-dc9e-4d42-a7f2-aa2c9bbe2ad9/fec14656-fig-0001-m.png" title="Details are in the caption following the image"/></picture><figcaption><div><strong>FIGURE 1<span style="font-weight:normal"></span></strong><div>Open in figure viewer<i aria-hidden="true"></i><span>PowerPoint</span></div></div><div>Pigments are used to make the wide variety of animal coloration displayed here. Pigments used for signals have to date been given the most attention for the likely impacts of global change on their display. However, many of the pigments above actually have non-visual or unknown functions. (a) The function of the low and high melanin concentrations in the, respectively, light and dark polymorphs of these timber rattlesnakes (<i>Crotalus horridus</i>) are unknown. (
相比之下,环境变化对具有抗氧化、支持和物理保护等功能的色素的影响虽然与动物的适应性和生存有关,但却很少被考虑。许多色素的生理学特性、复杂性和功能模糊性往往阻碍了进化生态学家将这些信息纳入着色研究。在这篇观点文章中,我们认为在预测物种对全球变化的反应以及随后对视觉系统的影响时,有必要考虑色素本身的多种功能,因为色素的功能意义将决定选择影响哪些性状(图 2)。尽管过去的研究偏重于视觉适应性信号,但重要的是要承认,在生物体对全球变化的反应中,可能还有许多未知的非视觉作用和色素的协同效应。颜色可由色素(特定生物分子)、结构(可反射不同波长光线的组织)或二者结合形成。当颜色用于交流、伪装或体温调节时,选择就会作用于色素;当色素用于抗氧化、解毒、结构支持或保护时,选择就会直接作用于色素。改良剂可能会改变对任一性状或两种性状的选择压力的强度和方向。生物体颜色的变化将影响生态系统的颜色性状分布,这也可能对生态系统内物种(目标接收者、捕食者等)的视觉系统产生影响。为了弥补我们对色素和着色的功能及其在全球变化(指任何由人类引起的环境变化)情况下对视觉系统的影响的认识上的差距,我们将:(1)总结色素在整体中的主要功能,重点是非视觉作用;(2)概述全球变化如何影响着色和色素沉着;(3)讨论色素功能之间的一些已知调节因素及其与全球变化的相互作用;(4)将这些颜色特征的变化与随后可能发生的视觉系统进化联系起来。虽然结构元素和色素都有助于动物着色(图 2),但我们在此重点讨论色素。在本视角中,我们将重点举例说明着色研究中令人兴奋的方向,并在可能的情况下为读者提供有用和有见地的综述。
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引用次数: 0
Seasonal acclimation of photosynthetic thermal tolerances in six woody tropical species along a thermal gradient 六种热带木本植物沿热梯度的光合作用热耐受性的季节性适应变化
IF 4.6 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14657
Alyssa T. Kullberg, Kenneth J. Feeley

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.

我们的具体研究问题是(1) 六种重点物种的植物个体在不同季节是否会适应其热耐受性?根据之前在沸腾河观察到的种内温度调节特征和热耐受性对总体生长温度的不同反应(Kullberg 等人,2024 年),我们假设在温度调节方面可塑性更强的物种也将表现出更强的提高热耐受性的能力。(2) 耐热性适应的程度是否与最高气温(ΔTmax)的微地级季节差异的程度有关?我们预计,叶片温度与气温密切相关的物种,其适应反应应取决于 ΔTmax 的大小,而叶片温度受太阳辐射等其他因素影响较大的物种,其适应反应与 ΔTmax 的大小关系不大或没有关系。了解亚马逊植物物种适应温度变化的能力将提高我们预测气候变化对热带森林影响的能力。
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引用次数: 0
Host community structure can shape pathogen outbreak dynamics through a phylogenetic dilution effect 宿主群落结构可通过系统发育稀释效应影响病原体爆发动态
IF 4.6 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14641
Marjolein E. M. Toorians, Isabel M. Smallegange, T. Jonathan Davies

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.

生物多样性的丧失和物种群落的人为改变正在影响疾病突发事件的频率和规模。这些变化可能与生物多样性增加(扩大)或减少(稀释)疾病流行的机制有关。生物多样性的影响可能是直接的,即有能力的宿主之间的接触被与汇宿主的接触所取代;也可能是间接的,即通过对宿主丰度的调节。在这里,我们引入了一个多宿主分区疾病模型,根据宿主的进化相关性对宿主的能力进行加权。我们的模型模拟了具有替代性和相加性装配模式的宿主群落以及频率和密度依赖性病原体传播模式,并据此估计了群落疾病爆发的可能性。模拟结果表明,即使物种丰富度不变,系统发育结构的差异也能使宿主群落从稀释疾病转变为扩大疾病。此外,我们还表明,系统发育稀释可以与通过物种丰富度实现的(典型)放大同时发生。我们利用描述宿主之间系统发育距离与疾病共享可能性之间关系的经验数据来说明我们的模型。我们的研究证明了宿主的进化史是如何通过系统发育稀释效应驱动疾病动态的。在期刊博客上免费阅读本文的通俗摘要。
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引用次数: 0
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Functional Ecology
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