语言经验影响节奏音序的预测编码

IF 6.4 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOLOGY eLife Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI:https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.91636.3
Piermatteo Morucci, Sanjeev Nara, Mikel Lizarazu, Clara Martin, Nicola Molinaro
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引用次数: 0

摘要

感知系统在很大程度上依赖先验知识和预测来理解环境。预测可以来源于多种信息,包括基于孤立时间情境的情境短期先验和与情境无关的长期先验,后者产生于对统计规律性的长期接触。虽然短期预测对听觉感知的影响已得到充分证实,但长期预测如何影响早期听觉加工却鲜为人知。为了解决这个问题,我们记录了两种语言的脑磁图数据,这两种语言的母语者具有不同的词序(西班牙语:词序-首字母与巴斯克语:词序-末字母),他们听的是简单的二进制声音序列,这些声音在持续时间上交替出现,偶尔会有遗漏。我们假设,听觉系统利用与母语词序相关的特有前音线索(持续时间)以及上下文转换概率作为内部模型,对传入的非语言声音进行长期预测。与我们的假设一致的是,我们发现声音缺失所引起的不匹配负性振幅随说话者的语言背景而正交变化,并且在左侧听觉皮层最为明显。重要的是,聆听音高交替而非持续时间交替的二进制声音并没有产生群体差异,这证实了上述结果是由假设的长期 "持续时间 "先验驱动的。这些研究结果表明,特定语言的经验可以塑造人类感知的一个基本方面--对有节奏的声音的神经处理--并为听觉皮层中的长期预测编码系统提供了直接证据,该系统使用一生中学到的听觉方案来处理传入的声音序列。
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Language experience shapes predictive coding of rhythmic sound sequences
Perceptual systems heavily rely on prior knowledge and predictions to make sense of the environment. Predictions can originate from multiple sources of information, including contextual short-term priors, based on isolated temporal situations, and context-independent long-term priors, arising from extended exposure to statistical regularities. While the effects of short-term predictions on auditory perception have been well-documented, how long-term predictions shape early auditory processing is poorly understood. To address this, we recorded magnetoencephalography data from native speakers of two languages with different word orders (Spanish: functor-initial vs Basque: functor-final) listening to simple sequences of binary sounds alternating in duration with occasional omissions. We hypothesized that, together with contextual transition probabilities, the auditory system uses the characteristic prosodic cues (duration) associated with the native language’s word order as an internal model to generate long-term predictions about incoming non-linguistic sounds. Consistent with our hypothesis, we found that the amplitude of the mismatch negativity elicited by sound omissions varied orthogonally depending on the speaker’s linguistic background and was most pronounced in the left auditory cortex. Importantly, listening to binary sounds alternating in pitch instead of duration did not yield group differences, confirming that the above results were driven by the hypothesized long-term ‘duration’ prior. These findings show that experience with a given language can shape a fundamental aspect of human perception – the neural processing of rhythmic sounds – and provides direct evidence for a long-term predictive coding system in the auditory cortex that uses auditory schemes learned over a lifetime to process incoming sound sequences.
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来源期刊
eLife
eLife BIOLOGY-
CiteScore
12.90
自引率
3.90%
发文量
3122
审稿时长
17 weeks
期刊介绍: eLife is a distinguished, not-for-profit, peer-reviewed open access scientific journal that specializes in the fields of biomedical and life sciences. eLife is known for its selective publication process, which includes a variety of article types such as: Research Articles: Detailed reports of original research findings. Short Reports: Concise presentations of significant findings that do not warrant a full-length research article. Tools and Resources: Descriptions of new tools, technologies, or resources that facilitate scientific research. Research Advances: Brief reports on significant scientific advancements that have immediate implications for the field. Scientific Correspondence: Short communications that comment on or provide additional information related to published articles. Review Articles: Comprehensive overviews of a specific topic or field within the life sciences.
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