结合无人飞行器和多传感器数据记录器估算觅食区海龟的精细密度:地中海中部的案例研究

IF 2.6 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Endangered Species Research Pub Date : 2024-08-15 DOI:10.3354/esr01350
Chiara Agabiti, Livia Tolve, Giulia Baldi, Marina Zucchini, Salvatore Tuccio, Federica Restelli, Daniela Freggi, Paolo Luschi, Paolo Casale
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要:了解海洋物种的分布和密度是了解生境利用以及与人类活动相互作用的关键。然而,有关海龟的此类信息仍然很少,尤其是在觅食区,与沿海繁殖区的海龟聚集相比,海龟密度低是一个额外的挑战。飞机航测是在大范围内收集这些数据的有效方法,而更新颖的无人驾驶飞行器(UAV)则更适合于更精细的数据收集。然而,无人飞行器的使用还不太成熟,尤其是在近海地区。在此,我们首次在地中海地区探索了无人机调查在估算海龟觅食区密度(表面密度和总密度)及其时间趋势方面的潜力。2017 年至 2023 年期间,我们在意大利佩拉吉亚群岛(PIA)进行了 427 次飞行,该群岛是蠵龟 Caretta caretta 的重要觅食区。为了将海龟表面密度转换为总密度,我们使用了部署在 22 只海龟身上的多传感器生物探测仪的数据,计算出海龟在空中调查中可见的时间比例(可用时间比例,ATP)。结果显示,PIA 的海龟平均表面密度(0.336-0.477 海龟 km-2)是全球报告的蠵龟觅食区最高密度之一。这样的密度使得通过定期的无人机调查来评估种群趋势成为可能,无人机调查比飞机调查成本更低,而且可以最大限度地减少航空调查的典型偏差(距离取样、感知和误认)。需要一种标准化的方法来进行有意义的比较,包括可见深度层的 ATP 与地表的 ATP。
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Combining UAVs and multi-sensor dataloggers to estimate fine-scale sea turtle density at foraging areas: a case study in the central Mediterranean
ABSTRACT: Knowledge of the distribution and density of marine species is key to understanding habitat use and interactions with human activities. Yet such information for sea turtles remains scarce, especially at foraging areas, where low turtle density represents an additional challenge in comparison to turtle aggregations at coastal breeding areas. Aerial surveys with aircraft are an efficient method for collecting these data over broad scales, while more novel unoccupied aerial vehicles (UAVs) are better suited for finer-scale data collection. However, their use is less developed, especially in offshore areas. Here we explored, for the first time in the Mediterranean, the potential of UAV surveys to estimate turtle density (surface and total) at foraging areas and its temporal trend. Between 2017 and 2023, we conducted 427 flights in the Pelagian Islands Archipelago (PIA), Italy, a regionally important foraging area of the loggerhead sea turtle Caretta caretta. To convert from surface to total density, we used data from multisensor biologgers deployed on 22 turtles to calculate the proportion of time turtles are visible from aerial surveys (availability time proportion, ATP). Results show that the mean surface turtle density in the PIA (0.336-0.477 turtles km-2) is among the highest reported globally for a loggerhead turtle foraging area. Such densities make it possible to assess population trends through periodic UAV surveys, which are less expensive than aircraft surveys and which can minimize the typical biases of aerial surveys (distance sampling, perception, and misidentification). A standardized methodology is needed for meaningful comparisons, including ATP at the visible depth layer vs. surface.
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来源期刊
Endangered Species Research
Endangered Species Research BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION-
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
6.50%
发文量
38
审稿时长
31 weeks
期刊介绍: ESR is international and interdisciplinary. It covers all endangered forms of life on Earth, the threats faced by species and their habitats and the necessary steps that must be undertaken to ensure their conservation. ESR publishes high quality contributions reporting research on all species (and habitats) of conservation concern, whether they be classified as Near Threatened or Threatened (Endangered or Vulnerable) by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) or highlighted as part of national or regional conservation strategies. Submissions on all aspects of conservation science are welcome.
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