药物治疗后精神分裂症患者的多感官知觉和因果推理能力基本保持不变

IF 7.8 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY PLoS Biology Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI:10.1371/journal.pbio.3002790
Tim Rohe, Klaus Hesse, Ann-Christine Ehlis, Uta Noppeney
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引用次数: 0

摘要

精神病患者的幻觉和知觉异常被认为是由先前信息和感觉输入的不平衡整合引起的。我们将心理物理学、贝叶斯建模和脑电图(EEG)结合起来,研究了精神分裂症患者在接受药物治疗后对视听闪光-蜂鸣声序列的感知和因果推理的潜在变化。17 名精神分裂症患者和 23 名健康对照者报告了视听序列的闪光次数或蜂鸣声次数,这些序列在不同试验中的视听数字差异各不相同。两组患者都根据贝叶斯因果推理平衡了感觉整合和分离,而不是采用更简单的启发式方法。虽然精神分裂症组对信号因果结构的先验信息的权重略高,但两组对先验信息的权重相当。在神经层面上,两组患者都是通过对闪烁和蜂鸣声次数的独立估计进行动态编码,然后再结合视听输入进行灵活估计,从而计算出贝叶斯因果推理。我们的研究结果表明,在数量估计任务中,视听感知和因果推理的核心神经计算机制在我们有限的精神分裂症药物治疗后样本中得到了很大程度的保留。未来的研究应探讨这些发现是否适用于未服药的急性精神症状患者。
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Multisensory perceptual and causal inference is largely preserved in medicated post-acute individuals with schizophrenia
Hallucinations and perceptual abnormalities in psychosis are thought to arise from imbalanced integration of prior information and sensory inputs. We combined psychophysics, Bayesian modeling, and electroencephalography (EEG) to investigate potential changes in perceptual and causal inference in response to audiovisual flash-beep sequences in medicated individuals with schizophrenia who exhibited limited psychotic symptoms. Seventeen participants with schizophrenia and 23 healthy controls reported either the number of flashes or the number of beeps of audiovisual sequences that varied in their audiovisual numeric disparity across trials. Both groups balanced sensory integration and segregation in line with Bayesian causal inference rather than resorting to simpler heuristics. Both also showed comparable weighting of prior information regarding the signals’ causal structure, although the schizophrenia group slightly overweighted prior information about the number of flashes or beeps. At the neural level, both groups computed Bayesian causal inference through dynamic encoding of independent estimates of the flash and beep counts, followed by estimates that flexibly combine audiovisual inputs. Our results demonstrate that the core neurocomputational mechanisms for audiovisual perceptual and causal inference in number estimation tasks are largely preserved in our limited sample of medicated post-acute individuals with schizophrenia. Future research should explore whether these findings generalize to unmedicated patients with acute psychotic symptoms.
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来源期刊
PLoS Biology
PLoS Biology 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
14.40
自引率
2.00%
发文量
359
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: PLOS Biology is an open-access, peer-reviewed general biology journal published by PLOS, a nonprofit organization of scientists and physicians dedicated to making the world's scientific and medical literature freely accessible. The journal publishes new articles online weekly, with issues compiled and published monthly. ISSN Numbers: eISSN: 1545-7885 ISSN: 1544-9173
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