Improvement of Blowfish encryption algorithm based on Galois ring for electro-optical satellite images

The desire for new algebraic structures is always an interesting area of research for the design and development of new information confidentiality mechanisms. Confidentiality mechanism keeps information secure from unauthentic users and transforms information into a ciphered format that cannot be easily deciphered. The key components of data security are encryption/decryption algorithms. Encryption/Decryption Algorithms depend on mathematical structures used for substitution box (S-box) and key scheduling. In the present research, the Galois ring-based S-box is used in the Blowfish confidentiality technique and practically implement for electro-optical satellite image ciphering. The results of data ciphering are compared with Blowfish cipher with the standard S-box. Ciphered images have been evaluated by standard tests such as histogram equalization, randomness, correlation, and differential assaults analysis. These tests depict that the ciphered data by Blowfish based on Galois ring-based S-box is more secure and the security is achieved in the fourth round for electro-optical satellite images. Test results for satellite images illustrate that by less execution time found better satellite image ciphering in the fourth ciphering round by using the proposed scheme. With this addition, subsequent steps of the existing algorithm were modified which add more robustness to our digital information. Security analysis of this tested mechanism added more robustness to the confidentiality of digital images. The results of the anticipated ciphering scheme clarify the better performance as compared to the standard Blowfish algorithm for satellite images.