A comprehensive review of boiling heat transfer on multi-scale hybrid surfaces and applications

The multi-scale hybrid surface can significantly enhance the boiling heat transfer efficiency. This review aims to provide an overview of the boiling heat transfer process, research developments, and potential applications of multi-scale hybrid surfaces. It has been discovered that the enhanced boiling mechanism on the multi-scale hybrid surface also involves some mixability due to a combination of different scale structures. A comprehensive analysis of the boiling process is essential for the numerical evaluation of the hybrid surface, considering the fluid parameters and operational conditions. The expressions related to bubble dynamics necessitate consideration of the shape and size of the cavity, wettability, heat flux, and system pressures. The characteristics of the preparation process should be considered when marking the hybrid surface. The application of multi-scale hybrid surfaces requires consideration of wettability and size range. It is crucial to select adaptable modified surfaces that fulfill the necessary heat transfer requirements when designing and constructing hybrid surfaces.