微小核糖核酸：阿尔茨海默病发病机制、诊断和治疗中的先驱调控因子

IF 5.8 1区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Translational Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI:10.1038/s41398-024-03075-8

Yao-Bo Li, Qiang Fu, Mei Guo, Yang Du, Yuewen Chen, Yong Cheng

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摘要

阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种主要影响老年人的神经退行性疾病。它的特征是渐进性记忆和认知障碍，严重干扰日常生活。最近的研究突出表明，microRNAs 可能参与了 AD 的发病机制。微小RNA（MiRNA）是由20-24个核苷酸组成的短小非编码RNA，通过阻碍翻译或促进目标基因的降解来显著影响基因调控。本综述探讨了特定 miRNAs 在 AD 进展中的作用，重点是它们对 β 淀粉样蛋白（Aβ）肽积累、高磷酸化 tau 蛋白细胞内聚集、线粒体功能障碍、神经炎症、氧化应激和 APOE4 基因表达的影响。我们的见解有助于理解注意力缺失症的病理，为确定诊断标志物和开发新的治疗靶点提供了新的途径。

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MicroRNAs: pioneering regulators in Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy

This article delves into Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a prevalent neurodegenerative condition primarily affecting the elderly. It is characterized by progressive memory and cognitive impairments, severely disrupting daily life. Recent research highlights the potential involvement of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of AD. MicroRNAs (MiRNAs), short non-coding RNAs comprising 20–24 nucleotides, significantly influence gene regulation by hindering translation or promoting degradation of target genes. This review explores the role of specific miRNAs in AD progression, focusing on their impact on β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide accumulation, intracellular aggregation of hyperphosphorylated tau proteins, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and the expression of the APOE4 gene. Our insights contribute to understanding AD’s pathology, offering new avenues for identifying diagnostic markers and developing novel therapeutic targets.

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来源期刊

Translational Psychiatry PSYCHIATRY-

CiteScore

11.50

自引率

2.90%

发文量

484

审稿时长

23 weeks

期刊介绍： Psychiatry has suffered tremendously by the limited translational pipeline. Nobel laureate Julius Axelrod''s discovery in 1961 of monoamine reuptake by pre-synaptic neurons still forms the basis of contemporary antidepressant treatment. There is a grievous gap between the explosion of knowledge in neuroscience and conceptually novel treatments for our patients. Translational Psychiatry bridges this gap by fostering and highlighting the pathway from discovery to clinical applications, healthcare and global health. We view translation broadly as the full spectrum of work that marks the pathway from discovery to global health, inclusive. The steps of translation that are within the scope of Translational Psychiatry include (i) fundamental discovery, (ii) bench to bedside, (iii) bedside to clinical applications (clinical trials), (iv) translation to policy and health care guidelines, (v) assessment of health policy and usage, and (vi) global health. All areas of medical research, including — but not restricted to — molecular biology, genetics, pharmacology, imaging and epidemiology are welcome as they contribute to enhance the field of translational psychiatry.