利用RZWQM2探索灌溉时间表对华北平原冬小麦蒸散分配和作物水分生产率的影响

IF 3.7 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI:10.1111/jac.12760
Mingliang Gao, Fuying Liu, Haoze Zhang, Huabin Yuan, Rui Zong, Mingming Zhang, Quanqi Li
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引用次数: 0

摘要

华北平原(NCP)是中国冬小麦生产的重要基地。然而,该地区的水资源短缺严重阻碍了冬小麦的生产。蒸腾作用与光合作用同时进行,影响作物水分生产率(CWP)。本试验的目的是利用根区水质模型(RZWQM2)研究不同灌溉计划下的实际蒸腾(AT)和蒸发(AE),然后确定其对谷物产量和 CWP 的影响。在2019-2022年冬小麦生长期,设置了生长期不灌溉(I0)、拔节期灌溉(I1)、拔节期和开花期灌溉(I2)以及拔节期、开花期和灌浆期灌溉(I3)四个试验处理,并在该试验中对RZWQM2模型进行了校准和验证。I2 处理的产量较高(平均 3 年为 7840.90 千克/公顷),CWP 最高(平均 3 年分别比其他三个处理增加 12.72%、5.98% 和 4.28%)。该模型对四个处理的土壤水动态变化和植物生理表现有较好的模拟效果;模型显示,灌溉增加了模拟 AE 和 AT,但降低了 AE/实际蒸散量。在整个生长期,I3、I2、I1 和 I0 的 AT 分别为 351.70、317.30、271.50 和 223.70 毫米。特别是在冬小麦生长后期,I3 的平均 AT 为 65.20 毫米,3 年平均值分别比 I2、I1 和 I0 显著高出 31.60、13.50 和 10.00 毫米。因此,I3 增加了冬小麦生长后期的蒸腾速率(AT),从而提高了谷物产量,但并未显著提高 CWP。该研究表明,在冬小麦拔节期和开花期灌溉可以提高 CWP,从而达到稳产节水的目的。
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Exploring the Effects of Irrigation Schedules on Evapotranspiration Partitioning and Crop Water Productivity of Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in North China Plain Using RZWQM2

A significant basis for winter wheat production in China is the North China Plain (NCP). However, winter wheat production is severely hampered by water shortages in this area. Transpiration co-occurs with photosynthesis, affecting crop water productivity (CWP). The purpose of this experiment is to use Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM2) to study actual transpiration (AT) and evaporation (AE) under different irrigation schedules and then determine its impact on grain yield and CWP. In the 2019–2022 winter wheat growing seasons, four experimental treatments were set up: no irrigation during growth period (I0), irrigation at jointing stage (I1), irrigation at jointing and anthesis stage (I2) and irrigation at jointing, anthesis and filling stage (I3), and the RZWQM2 model was calibrated and verified in this experiment. A higher yield (7840.90 kg/ha for an average of 3 years) and the highest CWP can be obtained in I2 treatment (increased by 12.72%, 5.98% and 4.28% for an average of 3 years, respectively, compared to the other three treatments). The model has a good simulation effect on soil water dynamic change and plant physiological performance of the four treatments; the model showed that irrigation increased the simulated AE and AT; however, reduced AE/actual evapotranspiration. For the whole growth period, AT in I3, I2, I1 and I0 was 351.70, 317.30, 271.50 and 223.70 mm, respectively. Especially in the late growth stage of winter wheat, the AT in I3 was 65.20 mm for an average of 3 years, which was significantly higher than I2, I1 and I0 by 31.60, 13.50 and 10.00 mm, respectively. Thus, I3 increased AT at the late growth stage of winter wheat and resulted in an increase in grain yield; however, it did not significantly increase CWP. This study demonstrated that irrigation at winter wheat jointing and anthesis stages can improve the CWP to achieve the goal of stable grain yield and water saving.

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来源期刊
Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science
Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
8.20
自引率
5.70%
发文量
54
审稿时长
7.8 months
期刊介绍: The effects of stress on crop production of agricultural cultivated plants will grow to paramount importance in the 21st century, and the Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science aims to assist in understanding these challenges. In this context, stress refers to extreme conditions under which crops and forages grow. The journal publishes original papers and reviews on the general and special science of abiotic plant stress. Specific topics include: drought, including water-use efficiency, such as salinity, alkaline and acidic stress, extreme temperatures since heat, cold and chilling stress limit the cultivation of crops, flooding and oxidative stress, and means of restricting them. Special attention is on research which have the topic of narrowing the yield gap. The Journal will give preference to field research and studies on plant stress highlighting these subsections. Particular regard is given to application-oriented basic research and applied research. The application of the scientific principles of agricultural crop experimentation is an essential prerequisite for the publication. Studies based on field experiments must show that they have been repeated (at least three times) on the same organism or have been conducted on several different varieties.
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