Exosomes for skin treatment: Therapeutic and cosmetic applications

The therapeutic potential of exosomes, which are nano-sized extracellular vesicles derived from various cell types, have drawn substantial interest in the field of dermatology. Exosomes have distinctive capabilities, including facilitating intercellular communication, delivering bioactive molecules, and modulating immune responses, which make them promising candidates for skin regeneration, wound healing, and treating dermatological disorders. Specifically, exosomes derived from the stem cells of mesenchymal and adipose cells, have numerous applications in skin repair and regeneration. Exosomes also find expanded applications in treatments and therapies related to hair. Exosomes emit signals and growth factors that impact the activity of nearby epithelial cells, encouraging their growth, specialization, and the development of hair formations. This review explores the efficacy of topical and transdermal applications of exosomes in skin and hair and highlight the transformative potential of exosome-based therapies in dermatology and pave the way for future research and clinical applications.