检索引起的语义干扰

IF 2.9 1区 心理学 Q1 LINGUISTICS Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI:10.1016/j.jml.2024.104570
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引用次数: 0

摘要

语义检索对随后获取相关材料的长期负面影响已在不同的记忆和语言生产文献中得到广泛研究。虽然表面上研究的是同一种现象,但这些文献仍因不同的框架和方法而被分开。我们主张从适应性学习的角度整合这两种研究流派,并提出了一个桥接实验作为这种方法的概念证明。该实验采用了多阶段检索诱导遗忘(RIF)设计(包括生成和记忆评估阶段),并结合使用了命名延迟测量法和语言生产研究中的干扰时间分析法。生成阶段通常未在记忆文献中进行分析,该阶段研究了作为相关项目顺序位置函数的类别茎完成的生成时间。在第一次通过结构化列表时,生成潜伏期受到了强烈的累积干扰,这表明记忆在这一阶段已经受到了影响。经过一段时间的保留间隔后,使用连续的图片命名而不是综合记忆测量来评估先前激活的类别中的新项目和未激活的对照项目的可及性。最重要的是,相对于对照组条件,先前激活(但未生成)的类别成员需要付出图片命名成本,这就是 RIF 效应。这种代价依赖于新的累积干扰,而且只在评估阶段的开始阶段才显现出来,这凸显了位置分析的价值。这些发现为记忆研究中检索诱导成本的基础过程增添了重要的细节,同时也表明检索诱导的语义干扰会从词干完成转移到图片命名检索任务中。这种格式独立性与语义干扰的概念基础相一致,但并不排除概念-词汇联系中的适应性学习。总之,我们的研究表明,记忆和语言生成领域确实为同一语义干扰现象提供了不同但互补的视角。将这两个领域结合起来有望取得丰硕成果。
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Retrieval-induced semantic interference

The long-term negative effect of semantic retrieval on the subsequent accessibility of related material has been extensively studied in separate memory and language production literatures. Though ostensibly studying the same phenomenon, these literatures have remained separated by different framings and methodologies. We argue for integration of the two research streams in an adaptive learning perspective and present a bridging experiment as a proof of concept of this approach. The experiment implemented a multiphase retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF) design (with generation and memory assessment phases) in combination with the use of naming latency measures and the temporal analysis of interference featured in language production research. The generation phase, typically unanalyzed in the memory literature, examined generation time for category-stem completions as a function of ordinal positions of related items. There was strong cumulative interference in generation latencies in the first pass through the structured list, showing that memory is already affected in this phase. After a retention interval, accessibility of new items from previously activated categories, and unactivated controls, was assessed using continuous picture naming rather than aggregate memory measures. Crucially, there was a picture naming cost to previously activated (but not generated) category members relative to the control condition, a RIF effect. This cost was supervenient on new cumulative interference and was evident only in the beginning of the assessment phase, underlining the value of the positional analyses. The findings add important detailing to the processes underlying retrieval-induced costs in memory research while also showing that retrieval-induced semantic interference transfers from stem-completion to picture naming retrieval tasks. This format-independence is consistent with a conceptual basis of semantic interference but does not preclude a locus of adaptive learning in conceptual-lexical links. Overall, we show that the memory and language production fields indeed provide different but complementary perspectives on the same semantic interference phenomenon. Combining the fields promises to be productive.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
8.70
自引率
14.00%
发文量
49
审稿时长
12.7 weeks
期刊介绍: Articles in the Journal of Memory and Language contribute to the formulation of scientific issues and theories in the areas of memory, language comprehension and production, and cognitive processes. Special emphasis is given to research articles that provide new theoretical insights based on a carefully laid empirical foundation. The journal generally favors articles that provide multiple experiments. In addition, significant theoretical papers without new experimental findings may be published. The Journal of Memory and Language is a valuable tool for cognitive scientists, including psychologists, linguists, and others interested in memory and learning, language, reading, and speech. Research Areas include: • Topics that illuminate aspects of memory or language processing • Linguistics • Neuropsychology.
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