Decoding product obsolescence: A taxonomic approach from product design attributes

One challenge that product design has faced is the ongoing threat of obsolescence, where investment in an updated solution can quickly become irrelevant within months or years as technology advances. This phenomenon not only affects consumers, who may find themselves with quickly outdated devices but also poses a dilemma for designers and manufacturers who must balance constant innovation with sustainability and product durability. In this dynamic scenario, there arises a critical need to understand how design attributes impact obsolescence and how this relationship can influence the creation of more sustainable and resilient products. This paper develops a taxonomy of product design attributes influencing different types of obsolescence to address the research gap between product design and obsolescence. It investigates the significance of obsolescence types across product categories, the impact of design attributes on these obsolescences, and the role of design in product sustainability. Employing a theoretical framework combining product design and lifecycle analysis, the methodology includes a literature review and an expert survey to evaluate design attributes against obsolescence types. From the literature review, 21 design attributes were identified and evaluated by 26 industry and academia experts. The findings reveal distinct patterns of obsolescence in various product categories, emphasizing the influence of specific design attributes. The role of attributes such as upgradeability and compatibility in technological, functional, and planned obsolescence was highlighted. Limited familiarity with certain types of obsolescence among experts was acknowledged, underscoring the importance of raising awareness within the design community. These insights are critical to align product design with sustainability goals and challenging traditional product development practices. The study has significant implications for designers, manufacturers, and policymakers, highlighting the importance of understanding design choices in reducing obsolescence and promoting sustainable consumption.