营养在军人和退伍军人轻度脑外伤康复中的作用。

IF 1.7 4区 医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY NeuroRehabilitation Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI:10.3233/nre-230241
Katrina Monti,Maj William Conkright,Shawn R Eagle,David W Lawrence,Ltc Michael Dretsch
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景退伍军人事务局和国防部(DOD)承认,营养可能是轻度创伤性脑损伤(TBI)后遗症的一个调节因素。军队临床医生在管理轻度创伤性脑损伤患者时正在考虑营养补充剂和饮食干预。因此,临床医生应熟悉当前对轻度 TBI 进行营养干预的证据以及与军事生活方式相关的特殊注意事项。目的本叙述性综述旨在总结围绕特殊饮食和精选营养素在轻度 TBI 后遗症中的作用、肠道微生物群变化以及从轻度 TBI 中恢复的军人和退伍军人的特殊注意事项的现有证据。方法我们在 PubMed 和 Google Scholar 上进行了文献综述,仅限于营养干预措施和九个主题,主要关注轻度创伤性脑损伤,尽管我们也纳入了一些与中重度创伤性脑损伤相关的文章:1) 生酮饮食;2) 地中海-DASH 神经退行性延迟干预(MIND)饮食;3) 欧米伽-3 脂肪酸;4) 肌酸;5) 维生素 D;6) 体重管理;7) 肠道微生物群;8) 咖啡因;9) 酒精。我们总结了每种干预措施的主要发现和安全因素。结果临床研究和早期人体试验表明,本文讨论的特定营养素和饮食可能会在轻度创伤性脑损伤康复期间提供神经保护或益处。结论还需要更多的证据来支持加强神经保护和减轻轻度创伤性脑损伤症状的营养建议。国防部的《作战人员营养指南》建议采用富含抗氧化剂、植物营养素、ω-3 脂肪酸、微量营养素、益生菌和纤维的全食物饮食,以优化长期健康和表现。
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The role of nutrition in mild traumatic brain injury rehabilitation for service members and veterans.
BACKGROUND Veterans Affairs and the Department of Defense (DOD) acknowledge that nutrition may be a modifier of mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) sequelae. Military clinicians are considering nutritional supplements and dietary interventions when managing patients with mild TBI. Therefore, clinicians should be familiar with the current evidence for nutritional interventions in mild TBI and special considerations related to the military lifestyle. OBJECTIVE This narrative review aims to summarize the existing evidence surrounding the role of special diets and select nutrients in mild TBI outcomes, gut microbiota changes, and special considerations for Service members and Veterans recovering from mild TBI. METHODS We conducted a literature review in PubMed and Google Scholar limited to nutritional interventions and nine topics with primary focus on mild TBI, although we included some articles related to moderate-to-severe TBI where relevant: 1) ketogenic diet, 2) Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet, 3) omega-3 fatty acids, 4) creatine, 5) vitamin D, 6) weight management, 7) gut microbiota, 8) caffeine, and 9) alcohol. We summarized key findings and safety factors where appropriate for each intervention. We also identified nutritional supplement safety and operational rations considerations and areas in need of further research. RESULTS Preclinical studies and early human trials suggest that the specific nutrients and diets discussed in the current article may offer neuroprotection or benefit during mild TBI rehabilitation. Omega-3 fatty acids, creatine, and vitamin D are generally safe when taken within recommended guidelines. CONCLUSION More evidence is needed to support nutritional recommendations for enhancing neuroprotection and mitigating mild TBI symptoms in humans. The DOD's Warfighter Nutrition Guide recommends a whole food diet rich in antioxidants, phytonutrients, omega-3 fatty acids, micronutrients, probiotics, and fiber to optimize long-term health and performance.
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来源期刊
NeuroRehabilitation
NeuroRehabilitation CLINICAL NEUROLOGY-REHABILITATION
CiteScore
3.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
178
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: NeuroRehabilitation, an international, interdisciplinary, peer-reviewed journal, publishes manuscripts focused on scientifically based, practical information relevant to all aspects of neurologic rehabilitation. We publish unsolicited papers detailing original work/research that covers the full life span and range of neurological disabilities including stroke, spinal cord injury, traumatic brain injury, neuromuscular disease and other neurological disorders. We also publish thematically organized issues that focus on specific clinical disorders, types of therapy and age groups. Proposals for thematic issues and suggestions for issue editors are welcomed.
期刊最新文献
Effect of chest expansion resistance exercise and respiratory muscle stretching on respiratory function and gait endurance in patients with stroke. Spontaneous eye blinking as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in disorders of consciousness: Protocol of an international multicentre longitudinal study. Evaluation of YouTube videos as a source of information on facial paralysis exercises. Research, education and practice of tele-neurorehabilitation in low and middle-income countries: A Scoping Review. The role of nutrition in mild traumatic brain injury rehabilitation for service members and veterans.
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