系外行星和系外行星系统分类 -- 能否制定?I. 系外行星分类

E. Plávalová, A. Rosaev
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引用次数: 0

摘要

当一颗恒星被描述为光谱等级 G2V 时,我们就知道了它的大致质量、温度、年龄和大小。随着系外行星的发现数量超过 5700 颗,为它们建立一个分类是一个自然的发展步骤,例如哈佛恒星分类法。这种系外行星分类法必须易于解释,并能提供与系外行星最相关的信息,还能根据某些特征将系外行星分为不同的组别。我们提出了一种系外行星分类法,通过一个易读的代码,可以让你了解系外行星的主要特征。建议的分类代码包含四个参数,我们可以通过它们快速确定温度、质量、密度及其偏心率的范围。第一个参数涉及系外行星的质量,其形式为其他已知行星的质量单位,例如 M 代表水星的质量,E 代表地球的质量,N 代表海王星的质量,J 代表木星的质量。第二个参数是系外行星轨道的平均失温度,我们将其分为四大类:F 代表冰冻类,W 代表水类,G 代表气态类,R 代表烤炉类。第三个参数是偏心率,第四个参数是表面属性,定义为系外行星的体积密度,其中 g 代表气态行星,w 代表水态行星,t 代表陆态行星,i 代表铁态行星,s 代表超致密行星。金星的分类代码可以是 EG0t(E-质量在地球质量范围内,G-气态行星,温度在 450 至 1000 K 之间,0-圆形或近似圆形轨道,t-陆地表面),地球的分类代码可以是 EW0t(W-水行星--可能的宜居带)。这种分类方法非常有用,例如,可以快速划定行星是否位于宜居带,是否为陆地行星。
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Classifications for Exoplanet and Exoplanetary Systems -- Could it be developed? I. Exoplanet classification
When a star is described as a spectral class G2V, we know its approximate mass, temperature, age, and size. At more than 5,700 exoplanets discovered, it is a natural developmental step to establish a classification for them, such as for example, the Harvard classification for stars. This exoplanet classification has to be easily interpreted and present the most relevant information about them and divides them into groups based on certain characteristics. We propose an exoplanet classification, which using an easily readable code, may inform you about a exoplanet's main characteristics. The suggested classification code contains four parameters by which we can quickly determine the range of temperature, mass, density and their eccentricity. The first parameter concerns the mass of an exoplanet in the form of the units of the mass of other known planets, where e.g. M represents the mass of Mercury, E that of Earth, N Neptune, or J Jupiter. The second parameter is the mean Dyson temperature of the extoplanet's orbit, for which we established four main classes: F represents the Frozen class, W the Water class, G the Gaseous class, and R the Roaster class. The third parameter is eccentricity and the fourth parameter is surface attribute which is defined as the bulk density of the exoplanet, where g represents a gaseous planet, w - water planet, t - terrestrial planet, i - iron planet and s - super dense planet. The classification code for Venus, could be EG0t (E - mass in the range of the mass of the Earth, G - Gaseous class, temperature in the range from 450 to 1000 K, 0 - circular or nearly circular orbit, t - terrestrial surface), for Earth it could be EW0t (W - Water class - a possible Habitable zone). This classification is very helpful in, for example, quickly delimiting if a planet can be found in the Habitable zone; if it is terrestrial or not.
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