监狱囚犯样本中逆转学习成绩与人格障碍特征和药物滥用史的关系

IF 4.3 3区 材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC ACS Applied Electronic Materials Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI:10.1177/10731911241278307
Raquel Martín-Ríos, José C. Perales, Francisca López-Torrecillas, Lucas Muñoz López
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引用次数: 0

摘要

监狱囚犯样本中冲动和强迫相关行为问题的发生率很高。概率反向学习任务(PRLT)是评估决策的有效工具,我们探讨了它与囚犯人格障碍(反社会人格障碍,APD;强迫性人格障碍,OCPD;或两者)和药物滥用史的关系。我们采用混合效应方法,在275名被诊断为OCPD、APD或两者兼有的囚犯样本中,建立了跨PRLT的习得和再习得曲线模型。评估包括两个方面:一般辨别学习和决策缺乏灵活性。具有混合型人格障碍特征的参与者表现出明显的决策缺乏灵活性。吸毒史与总体表现较差有关,但与决策缺乏灵活性无关。无法适应不断变化的突发事件,因而无法适应之前获得奖励的选择所带来的不良后果,这与强迫症(假设强迫症和药物滥用障碍都存在)无关,而是与 APD/OCPD 混合型人格障碍有关。
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Associations of Reversal Learning Performance With Personality Disorder Profile and Drug Abuse History in a Sample of Prison Inmates
Prison inmate samples present a high prevalence of impulsivity- and compulsivity-related behavioral problems. The Probabilistic Reversal Learning Task (PRLT) is a useful tool to assess decision-making, and we explore its associations with inmates’ personality disorder (antisocial personality disorder, APD; obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, OCPD; or both) and history of drug abuse. Mixed-effects methods were used to model acquisition and reacquisition curves across PRLT, in a sample of 275 prison inmates diagnosed with OCPD, APD, or both. Two aspects were assessed: general discrimination learning and decision-making inflexibility. Participants with a mixed personality disorder profile showed a clear pattern of decisional inflexibility. A history of drug abuse was associated with a general poorer performance but not with decision-making inflexibility. Inability to adapt to changing contingencies, and thus to adverse consequences of previously rewarded choices, was not linked to compulsivity, as hypothesized to be present in OCPD and substance use disorders, but to the mixed APD/OCPD profile.
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CiteScore
7.20
自引率
4.30%
发文量
567
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