卢旺达真菌感染的多样性和分布:高风险以及知识、政策和干预措施方面的差距

IF 4.2 2区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Journal of Fungi Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI:10.3390/jof10090658
Claude Mambo Muvunyi, Jean Claude Semuto Ngabonziza, Masaisa Florence, Isabelle Mukagatare, Marc Twagirumukiza, Ayman Ahmed, Emmanuel Edwar Siddig
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引用次数: 0

摘要

真菌感染(FIs)正在全球蔓延,引发了重大的公共卫生问题。然而,在非洲,特别是在卢旺达,有关真菌感染的文献仍然很少。本报告在对 1972 年至 2022 年间发表的报告进行系统回顾的基础上,全面回顾了卢旺达的真菌感染情况。研究结果揭示了真菌病原体的丰富多样性,其中包括布氏菌、念珠菌、隐球菌、组织胞浆菌、小孢子菌、肺孢子菌、鼻孢子菌和毛癣菌引起的人类感染。念珠菌感染主要影响阴道粘膜,而杜氏组织胞浆菌则与播散性感染有关。其他病原体,如皮炎高分枝梭菌(Blastomyces dermatitidis)和鼻孢子虫(Rhinosporidium seeberi)分别与小脑和鼻粘膜感染有关。土壤真菌对豆类作物的广泛影响凸显了病原体对农业生产力、粮食安全和社会经济稳定的威胁,以及对人类、动物和环境的潜在健康影响。尤为重要的是,目前还没有关于该国动物感染 FIs 的信息。此外,分析还强调了该国在与禽流感有关的检测、报告和医疗保健服务方面存在的重大局限性,表明诊断能力和监测系统存在差距。这突出表现在,在调查禽流感时,主要使用传统诊断技术,包括培养、细胞学和组织病理学,而没有整合更灵敏、更特异的分子工具。卢旺达急需发展诊断能力和国家监测系统,以改善作物、动物和人类的健康状况,提高粮食安全和社会经济稳定性。此外,重要的是要指出在为决策提供信息、指导战略规划以及改善医疗保健和公共卫生服务方面存在的严重证据差距,这就强调了建设国家真菌诊断、监测和研究能力的迫切性。提高公众、科学界、医疗服务提供者和决策者的认识仍然至关重要。此外,本报告还揭示了真菌感染对卢旺达公共卫生和粮食不安全的威胁。为了确定并减少真菌病原体对人类、动物和环境造成的健康和安全影响,在研究和干预方面必须采取多部门的统一健康战略。
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Diversity and Distribution of Fungal Infections in Rwanda: High Risk and Gaps in Knowledge, Policy, and Interventions
Fungal infections (FIs) are spreading globally, raising a significant public health concern. However, its documentation remains sparse in Africa, particularly in Rwanda. This report provides a comprehensive review of FIs in Rwanda based on a systematic review of reports published between 1972 and 2022. The findings reveal a rich diversity of fungal pathogens, including Blastomyces, Candida, Cryptococcus, Histoplasma, Microsporum, Pneumocystis, Rhinosporidium, and Trichophyton caused human infections. Candida infections predominantly affect the vagina mucosa, while Histoplasma duboisi was linked to disseminated infections. Other pathogens, such as Blastomyces dermatitidis and Rhinosporidium seeberi, were associated with cerebellar and nasal mucosa infections, respectively. The widespread observation of soilborne fungi affecting bean crops highlights the pathogens’ threat to agricultural productivity, food security, and socioeconomic stability, as well as potential health impacts on humans, animals, and the environment. Of particular importance is that there is no information about FIs among animals in the country. Moreover, the analysis underscores significant limitations in the detection, reporting, and healthcare services related to FIs in the country, indicating gaps in diagnostic capacity and surveillance systems. This is underscored by the predominant use of traditional diagnostic techniques, including culture, cytology, and histopathology in the absence of integrating more sensitive and specific molecular tools in investigating FIs. Developing the diagnostic capacities and national surveillance systems are urgently needed to improve the health of crops, animals, and humans, as well as food security and socioeconomic stability in Rwanda. Also, it is important to indicate severe gaps in the evidence to inform policymaking, guide strategic planning, and improve healthcare and public health services, underscoring the urgent need to build national capacity in fungal diagnosis, surveillance, and research. Raising awareness among the public, scientific community, healthcare providers, and policymakers remains crucial. Furthermore, this report reveals the threats of FIs on public health and food insecurity in Rwanda. A multisectoral one health strategy is essential in research and intervention to determine and reduce the health and safety impacts of fungal pathogens on humans, animals, and the environment.
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来源期刊
Journal of Fungi
Journal of Fungi Medicine-Microbiology (medical)
CiteScore
6.70
自引率
14.90%
发文量
1151
审稿时长
11 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Fungi (ISSN 2309-608X) is an international, peer-reviewed scientific open access journal that provides an advanced forum for studies related to pathogenic fungi, fungal biology, and all other aspects of fungal research. The journal publishes reviews, regular research papers, and communications in quarterly issues. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. Therefore, there is no restriction on paper length. Full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced.
期刊最新文献
Characterization of a High-Affinity Copper Transporter CTR1a in the White-Nose Syndrome Causing Fungal Pathogen Pseudogymnoascus destructans. Diversity and Antifungal Susceptibilities of Yeasts from Mangroves in Hong Kong, China-A One Health Aspect. Recent Advances in Diagnostic Approaches for Mucormycosis. Exogenous Nitric Oxide Induces Pathogenicity of Alternaria alternata on Huangguan Pear Fruit by Regulating Reactive Oxygen Species Metabolism and Cell Wall Modification. Three New Species of Mytilinidioid Fungi (Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota) from Mexico.
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