结合 JWST 数据更新预测 TRAPPIST-1 所有七颗系外行星的过境时间

Eric Agol, Natalie H. Allen, Björn Benneke, Laetitia Delrez, René Doyon, Elsa Ducrot, Néstor Espinoza, Amélie Gressier, David Lafrenière, Olivia Lim, Jacob Lustig-Yaeger, Caroline Piaulet-Ghorayeb, Michael Radica, Zafar Rustamkulov, Kristin S. Sotzen
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摘要

JWST 对 TRAPPIST-1 系统进行了广泛的近红外观测,目的是测量这些温带、地球大小的系外行星的大气过境透射谱图。与之前从斯皮策、HST 或地面望远镜获得的数据相比,这些观测的一个副产品是更为精确的凌日时间。在这篇论文中,我们利用 JWST 五个观测项目中对全部七颗行星进行的 23 次新的近红外定时测量,更好地预测和限制了该系统未来的凌日时间。我们特别注意到,TRAPPIST-1h的凌日时间与之前发表的分析结果相比有了显著偏差,偏差达数十分钟。我们最新的预测精度更高,在 JWST 周期 4 和 5 中,统计不确定性中值为 7-105 秒。我们期望这一预测将有助于改进 TRAPPIST-1 行星未来观测的规划,而我们将把全面的动力学分析推迟到今后的工作中。
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Updated forecast for TRAPPIST-1 times of transit for all seven exoplanets incorporating JWST data
The TRAPPIST-1 system has been extensively observed with JWST in the near-infrared with the goal of measuring atmospheric transit transmission spectra of these temperate, Earth-sized exoplanets. A byproduct of these observations has been much more precise times of transit compared with prior available data from Spitzer, HST, or ground-based telescopes. In this note we use 23 new timing measurements of all seven planets in the near-infrared from five JWST observing programs to better forecast and constrain the future times of transit in this system. In particular, we note that the transit times of TRAPPIST-1h have drifted significantly from a prior published analysis by up to tens of minutes. Our newer forecast has a higher precision, with median statistical uncertainties ranging from 7-105 seconds during JWST Cycles 4 and 5. Our expectation is that this forecast will help to improve planning of future observations of the TRAPPIST-1 planets, whereas we postpone a full dynamical analysis to future work.
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