关于目标体验:区分目标一般价值与目标特定价值

IF 4.8 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL Social and Personality Psychology Compass Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI:10.1111/spc3.70006
Benjamin A. Converse, Annabelle R. Roberts, Marie Hennecke, Ayelet Fishbach
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引用次数: 0

摘要

我们将目标特定价值和目标一般价值区分开来,前者是指与特定目标相关的内在和外在利益("目标衍生价值"),后者是指与拥有、追求或完成一般目标相关的利益("目标衍生价值")。动机理论和研究历来都试图根据特定目标的价值来解释决策(例如,优先考虑什么? 投资多少?但是,有几种与目标相关的决策规律并不能简单地用目标的特定价值来解释,例如,在线工作者会选择报酬较低的任务(而不是报酬较高的任务),如果这样做可以让他们完成序列中的最后一步;大学生会选择尽早完成更多的工作(而不是晚些时候完成较少的工作),如果这样做可以让他们完成任务。考虑到目标的一般价值,如目标、进步、结束和成就感等积极体验,可以让我们更深入地了解人们的决策。一般来说,对目标进行审计时,既要考虑目标的特定价值,也要考虑目标的一般价值,这对理解目标追求至关重要。
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On the experience of goals: Differentiating goal‐generic value from goal‐specific value
We distinguish between goal‐specific value, which refers to the intrinsic and extrinsic benefits associated with a particular goal (“value derived from the goal”), and goal‐generic value, which refers to the benefits associated with having, pursuing, or completing a goal in general (“value derived from a goal”). Motivation theory and research have traditionally, if tacitly, sought to explain decision‐making (e.g., What to prioritize? How much to invest?) based on goal‐specific value. But several goal‐related decision regularities are not easily explained by accounting for goal‐specific value alone, such as online workers choosing a lower‐paying assignment (over a higher‐paying assignment) if it allows them to complete the last step in a sequence and college students electing to do more work sooner (rather than less work later) if it provides them closure. Accounting for goal‐generic value—such as the positive experiences of purpose, progress, closure, and accomplishment—offers additional insight into people's decisions. More generally, auditing goals in a way that accounts for both goal‐specific value and goal‐generic value is crucial for understanding goal pursuits.
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来源期刊
Social and Personality Psychology Compass
Social and Personality Psychology Compass Psychology-Social Psychology
CiteScore
5.20
自引率
2.20%
发文量
59
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