{"title":"程序性细胞死亡配体 1(PD-L1)的表达与睾丸生殖细胞瘤(TGCT)的临床病理特征和预后影响有关:一项系统综述和荟萃分析。","authors":"Peifeng Li, Yuwei Zhong, Miaotao Zhang, Yonghong Zheng, Wei Peng","doi":"10.21037/tcr-23-2302","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) is a type of tumor with relatively lower incidence but being more prevalent in young men. The expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) serves as a potential biomarker for predicting the survival outcomes of other tumors. Some studies discovered higher prevalence of PD-L1 in TGCT patients who achieved favorable treatment outcomes, while other studies showed lower or absent expression of PD-L1 in TGCT with the better prognosis as well. Therefore, in order to address this controversy and clarify the association between the expression of PD-L1 and pathological features and prognosis of TGCT, this meta-analysis was conducted.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was performed using following search terms: \"testis\", \"testicle\", \"testicular\", \"cancer\", \"carcinoma\", \"tumor\", \"neoplasm\", \"programmed cell death ligand 1\", \"programmed death ligand 1\", \"PD-L1\", \"PDL1\", \"B7 homolog 1\", \"B7-H1\", \"B7H1\" and \"CD274\". Relevant studies were retrieved according to the inclusion criteria from reputable databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). These studies investigated the expression of PD-L1 in both tumor cells and tumor infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) in TGCT. The overall proportion of PD-L1 positivity was assessed using R programming. Pooled hazard ratio (HR) and odds ratio (OR) with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using Revman software to evaluate the involvement of PD-L1 expression in TGCT. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to evaluate the quality assessment of included studies. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias evaluation were subsequently performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of eight eligible studies compromising 1,589 patients diagnosed with TGCT were finally included in this study. PD-L1 positivity was detected in 31% and 41% of TGCT patients' tumor cells and TIICs, respectively. The pooled data demonstrated a significant association between elevated PD-L1 expression levels in TIICs and a favorable prognosis characterized by the reduced disease progression and relapse events (HR =0.21, 95% CI: 0.13-0.33). Furthermore, PD-L1<sup>+</sup> TIICs exhibited higher prevalence rates in seminoma (OR =2.11, 95% CI: 1.57-2.84) and embryonal carcinoma (OR =6.23, 95% CI: 2.42-16.02) patients. Notably, PD-L1 expression in TIICs displayed a tendency to increase in TGCT patients with lower stages or without lymph node metastasis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PD-L1 expression was observed in choriocarcinoma tumor cells, while yolk sac tumor and teratoma tumor cells exhibited lower or absent expression of PD-L1. Conversely, PD-L1 expression in TIICs was associated with seminoma and embryonal carcinoma, which was more commonly observed in TGCT patients with lower stages and better prognosis, thereby providing a theoretical foundation for the application of immunotherapy in relapsed/refractory TGCT patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11385796/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) involves in the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognostic implications of testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT): a systematic review and meta-analysis.\",\"authors\":\"Peifeng Li, Yuwei Zhong, Miaotao Zhang, Yonghong Zheng, Wei Peng\",\"doi\":\"10.21037/tcr-23-2302\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) is a type of tumor with relatively lower incidence but being more prevalent in young men. The expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) serves as a potential biomarker for predicting the survival outcomes of other tumors. Some studies discovered higher prevalence of PD-L1 in TGCT patients who achieved favorable treatment outcomes, while other studies showed lower or absent expression of PD-L1 in TGCT with the better prognosis as well. Therefore, in order to address this controversy and clarify the association between the expression of PD-L1 and pathological features and prognosis of TGCT, this meta-analysis was conducted.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was performed using following search terms: \\\"testis\\\", \\\"testicle\\\", \\\"testicular\\\", \\\"cancer\\\", \\\"carcinoma\\\", \\\"tumor\\\", \\\"neoplasm\\\", \\\"programmed cell death ligand 1\\\", \\\"programmed death ligand 1\\\", \\\"PD-L1\\\", \\\"PDL1\\\", \\\"B7 homolog 1\\\", \\\"B7-H1\\\", \\\"B7H1\\\" and \\\"CD274\\\". Relevant studies were retrieved according to the inclusion criteria from reputable databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). These studies investigated the expression of PD-L1 in both tumor cells and tumor infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) in TGCT. The overall proportion of PD-L1 positivity was assessed using R programming. Pooled hazard ratio (HR) and odds ratio (OR) with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using Revman software to evaluate the involvement of PD-L1 expression in TGCT. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to evaluate the quality assessment of included studies. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias evaluation were subsequently performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of eight eligible studies compromising 1,589 patients diagnosed with TGCT were finally included in this study. PD-L1 positivity was detected in 31% and 41% of TGCT patients' tumor cells and TIICs, respectively. The pooled data demonstrated a significant association between elevated PD-L1 expression levels in TIICs and a favorable prognosis characterized by the reduced disease progression and relapse events (HR =0.21, 95% CI: 0.13-0.33). Furthermore, PD-L1<sup>+</sup> TIICs exhibited higher prevalence rates in seminoma (OR =2.11, 95% CI: 1.57-2.84) and embryonal carcinoma (OR =6.23, 95% CI: 2.42-16.02) patients. Notably, PD-L1 expression in TIICs displayed a tendency to increase in TGCT patients with lower stages or without lymph node metastasis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PD-L1 expression was observed in choriocarcinoma tumor cells, while yolk sac tumor and teratoma tumor cells exhibited lower or absent expression of PD-L1. Conversely, PD-L1 expression in TIICs was associated with seminoma and embryonal carcinoma, which was more commonly observed in TGCT patients with lower stages and better prognosis, thereby providing a theoretical foundation for the application of immunotherapy in relapsed/refractory TGCT patients.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":23216,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Translational cancer research\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-31\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11385796/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Translational cancer research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.21037/tcr-23-2302\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2024/8/21 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"ONCOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Translational cancer research","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tcr-23-2302","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/8/21 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ONCOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
The expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) involves in the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognostic implications of testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT): a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Background: Testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) is a type of tumor with relatively lower incidence but being more prevalent in young men. The expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) serves as a potential biomarker for predicting the survival outcomes of other tumors. Some studies discovered higher prevalence of PD-L1 in TGCT patients who achieved favorable treatment outcomes, while other studies showed lower or absent expression of PD-L1 in TGCT with the better prognosis as well. Therefore, in order to address this controversy and clarify the association between the expression of PD-L1 and pathological features and prognosis of TGCT, this meta-analysis was conducted.
Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed using following search terms: "testis", "testicle", "testicular", "cancer", "carcinoma", "tumor", "neoplasm", "programmed cell death ligand 1", "programmed death ligand 1", "PD-L1", "PDL1", "B7 homolog 1", "B7-H1", "B7H1" and "CD274". Relevant studies were retrieved according to the inclusion criteria from reputable databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). These studies investigated the expression of PD-L1 in both tumor cells and tumor infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) in TGCT. The overall proportion of PD-L1 positivity was assessed using R programming. Pooled hazard ratio (HR) and odds ratio (OR) with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using Revman software to evaluate the involvement of PD-L1 expression in TGCT. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to evaluate the quality assessment of included studies. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias evaluation were subsequently performed.
Results: A total of eight eligible studies compromising 1,589 patients diagnosed with TGCT were finally included in this study. PD-L1 positivity was detected in 31% and 41% of TGCT patients' tumor cells and TIICs, respectively. The pooled data demonstrated a significant association between elevated PD-L1 expression levels in TIICs and a favorable prognosis characterized by the reduced disease progression and relapse events (HR =0.21, 95% CI: 0.13-0.33). Furthermore, PD-L1+ TIICs exhibited higher prevalence rates in seminoma (OR =2.11, 95% CI: 1.57-2.84) and embryonal carcinoma (OR =6.23, 95% CI: 2.42-16.02) patients. Notably, PD-L1 expression in TIICs displayed a tendency to increase in TGCT patients with lower stages or without lymph node metastasis.
Conclusions: PD-L1 expression was observed in choriocarcinoma tumor cells, while yolk sac tumor and teratoma tumor cells exhibited lower or absent expression of PD-L1. Conversely, PD-L1 expression in TIICs was associated with seminoma and embryonal carcinoma, which was more commonly observed in TGCT patients with lower stages and better prognosis, thereby providing a theoretical foundation for the application of immunotherapy in relapsed/refractory TGCT patients.
期刊介绍:
Translational Cancer Research (Transl Cancer Res TCR; Print ISSN: 2218-676X; Online ISSN 2219-6803; http://tcr.amegroups.com/) is an Open Access, peer-reviewed journal, indexed in Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE). TCR publishes laboratory studies of novel therapeutic interventions as well as clinical trials which evaluate new treatment paradigms for cancer; results of novel research investigations which bridge the laboratory and clinical settings including risk assessment, cellular and molecular characterization, prevention, detection, diagnosis and treatment of human cancers with the overall goal of improving the clinical care of cancer patients. The focus of TCR is original, peer-reviewed, science-based research that successfully advances clinical medicine toward the goal of improving patients'' quality of life. The editors and an international advisory group of scientists and clinician-scientists as well as other experts will hold TCR articles to the high-quality standards. We accept Original Articles as well as Review Articles, Editorials and Brief Articles.