Miriam Álvarez-Tostado, Alfredo Bueno-Hernández, Ana Barahona, Fabiola Juárez-Barrera
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引用次数: 0
摘要
18 世纪末,人们对驯化植物研究的兴趣日益浓厚,这主要是因为它们具有经济潜力。19 世纪,人们开始关注对物种、物种起源、物种分布变化和物种进化史的历史理解。查尔斯-达尔文(Charles Darwin)对物种驯化进行了扩展解释,认为变异、繁殖、遗传和改造是野生生物和驯化生物之间的标准过程。在这一背景下,一个相对被忽视的方面是驯化物种的地理分布。阿尔方斯-德-康多勒(Alphonse de Candolle)详细探讨并发展了栽培植物的地理起源问题。自 1836 年以来,阿尔方斯-德-坎多勒一直在研究这一课题,并获得了有助于了解起源中心、散布、竞争、选择和驯化时间等方面的证据。尽管达尔文本人承认,《植物志》(de Candolle, Alphonse,de.Géographie botanique raisonnée; ou, exposition des faits principaux et des lois concernant la distribution géographique des plantes de l'epoque actuelle, 2ème tome.Paris:Masson.)对他进化理论的发展有很大帮助,但人们很少认识到 de Candolle 贡献的重要性。我们的目的是详细介绍阿尔方斯-德-坎多勒与达尔文之间关于驯化植物地理学的对话,以了解一些最关键的讨论,这些讨论有助于根据达尔文的改良血统建议重新解释驯化。
The Study of Geographical Distribution in the Analysis of Domestication as an Evolutionary Process: Tensions in Alphonse de Candolle's Approach.
Interest in the study of domesticated plants increased near the end of the 18th century, mainly because of their economic potential. In the 19th century, there was a new focus on the historical understanding of species, their origin, changes in their distribution, and their evolutionary history. Charles Darwin developed an extended interpretation of species domestication, considering variations, reproduction, inheritance, and modification as standard processes between wild and domesticated organisms. In this context, one relatively neglected aspect was the geographical distribution of domesticated species. Alphonse de Candolle addressed and developed in detail the question of the geographical origin of cultivated plants. Since 1836 Alphonse de Candolle had been studying the topic and obtained evidence that contributed to understanding aspects such as the center of origin, dispersion, competition, selection, and time of domestication. Although Darwin himself admitted that Géographie botanique raisonnée (de Candolle, Alphonse,de. Géographie botanique raisonnée; ou, exposition des faits principaux et des lois concernant la distribution géographique des plantes de l'epoque actuelle, 2ème tome. Paris: Masson.) was of great help to him in the development of his evolutionary theory, the importance of de Candolle's contribution is seldom recognized. Our purpose is to detail the dialogue between Alphonse de Candolle and Darwin on the geography of domesticated plants, to understand some of the most critical discussions that contributed to the reinterpretation of domestication under the Darwinian proposal of modified descent.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of the History of Biology is devoted to the history of the life sciences, with additional interest and concern in philosophical and social issues confronting biology in its varying historical contexts. While all historical epochs are welcome, particular attention has been paid in recent years to developments during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. JHB is a recognized forum for scholarship on Darwin, but pieces that connect Darwinism with broader social and intellectual issues in the life sciences are especially encouraged. The journal serves both the working biologist who needs a full understanding of the historical and philosophical bases of the field and the historian of biology interested in following developments and making historiographical connections with the history of science.