{"title":"灵长类丘脑内侧核和运动丘脑核与大脑皮层的解剖学联系","authors":"Bianca Sieveritz, Roozbeh Kiani","doi":"","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-sensory thalamic nuclei interact with the cortex through thalamocortical and cortico-basal ganglia-thalamocortical loops. Reciprocal connections between the mediodorsal thalamus (MD) and the prefrontal cortex are particularly important in cognition, while the reciprocal connections of the ventromedial (VM), ventral anterior (VA), and ventrolateral (VL) thalamus with the prefrontal and motor cortex are necessary for sensorimotor information processing. However, limited and often oversimplified understanding of the connectivity of the MD, VA, and VL nuclei in primates have hampered development of accurate models that explain their contribution to cognitive and sensorimotor functions. The current prevalent view suggests that the MD connects with the prefrontal cortex, while the VA and VL primarily connect with the premotor and motor cortices. However, past studies have also reported diverse connections that enable these nuclei to integrate information across a multitude of brain systems. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the anatomical connectivity of the primate MD, VA, and VL with the cortex. By synthesizing recent findings, we aim to offer a valuable resource for students, newcomers to the field, and experts developing new theories or models of thalamic function. Our review highlights the complexity of these connections and underscores the need for further research to fully understand the diverse roles of these thalamic nuclei in primates.</p>","PeriodicalId":93888,"journal":{"name":"ArXiv","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11398551/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Anatomical Connections of Primate Mediodorsal and Motor Thalamic Nuclei with the Cortex.\",\"authors\":\"Bianca Sieveritz, Roozbeh Kiani\",\"doi\":\"\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Non-sensory thalamic nuclei interact with the cortex through thalamocortical and cortico-basal ganglia-thalamocortical loops. Reciprocal connections between the mediodorsal thalamus (MD) and the prefrontal cortex are particularly important in cognition, while the reciprocal connections of the ventromedial (VM), ventral anterior (VA), and ventrolateral (VL) thalamus with the prefrontal and motor cortex are necessary for sensorimotor information processing. However, limited and often oversimplified understanding of the connectivity of the MD, VA, and VL nuclei in primates have hampered development of accurate models that explain their contribution to cognitive and sensorimotor functions. The current prevalent view suggests that the MD connects with the prefrontal cortex, while the VA and VL primarily connect with the premotor and motor cortices. However, past studies have also reported diverse connections that enable these nuclei to integrate information across a multitude of brain systems. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the anatomical connectivity of the primate MD, VA, and VL with the cortex. By synthesizing recent findings, we aim to offer a valuable resource for students, newcomers to the field, and experts developing new theories or models of thalamic function. Our review highlights the complexity of these connections and underscores the need for further research to fully understand the diverse roles of these thalamic nuclei in primates.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":93888,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"ArXiv\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-09-03\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11398551/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"ArXiv\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"ArXiv","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
非感觉丘脑核通过丘脑皮质环路和皮质-基底节-丘脑皮质环路与大脑皮质相互作用。丘脑内侧(MD)与前额叶皮层之间的相互联系在认知中尤为重要,而丘脑腹外侧(VM)、腹前侧(VA)和腹外侧(VL)与前额叶和运动皮层之间的相互联系则是感觉运动信息处理所必需的。然而,由于对灵长类动物丘脑MD、VA和VL核连接的了解有限,而且往往过于简单化,这阻碍了建立准确的模型来解释它们对认知和感觉运动功能的贡献。目前流行的观点认为,MD 与前额叶皮层相连,而 VA 和 VL 主要与前运动皮层和运动皮层相连。然而,过去的研究也报道了使这些核团能够整合多个大脑系统信息的各种连接。在这篇综述中,我们将全面概述灵长类 MD、VA 和 VL 与大脑皮层的解剖连接。通过综合最新研究成果,我们旨在为学生、该领域的新手以及开发丘脑功能新理论或模型的专家提供有价值的资源。我们的综述强调了这些连接的复杂性,并强调了进一步研究的必要性,以充分了解这些丘脑核在灵长类动物中的不同作用。
Anatomical Connections of Primate Mediodorsal and Motor Thalamic Nuclei with the Cortex.
Non-sensory thalamic nuclei interact with the cortex through thalamocortical and cortico-basal ganglia-thalamocortical loops. Reciprocal connections between the mediodorsal thalamus (MD) and the prefrontal cortex are particularly important in cognition, while the reciprocal connections of the ventromedial (VM), ventral anterior (VA), and ventrolateral (VL) thalamus with the prefrontal and motor cortex are necessary for sensorimotor information processing. However, limited and often oversimplified understanding of the connectivity of the MD, VA, and VL nuclei in primates have hampered development of accurate models that explain their contribution to cognitive and sensorimotor functions. The current prevalent view suggests that the MD connects with the prefrontal cortex, while the VA and VL primarily connect with the premotor and motor cortices. However, past studies have also reported diverse connections that enable these nuclei to integrate information across a multitude of brain systems. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the anatomical connectivity of the primate MD, VA, and VL with the cortex. By synthesizing recent findings, we aim to offer a valuable resource for students, newcomers to the field, and experts developing new theories or models of thalamic function. Our review highlights the complexity of these connections and underscores the need for further research to fully understand the diverse roles of these thalamic nuclei in primates.