Suvi M Virtanen , Essi J Peltonen , Leena Hakola , Sari Niinistö , Hanna-Mari Takkinen , Suvi Ahonen , Mari Åkerlund , Ulla Uusitalo , Markus Mattila , Tuuli EI Salo , Jorma Ilonen , Jorma Toppari , Riitta Veijola , Mikael Knip , Jaakko Nevalainen
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Exposure variables included 34 food groups covering the entire diet based on repeated 3-d food records at ages 3 mo to 6 y. Endpoints were islet cell antibodies plus biochemical IA (<em>n</em> = 247), multiple biochemical IA (<em>n</em> = 206), and type 1 diabetes (<em>n</em> = 94). We analyzed associations between longitudinally observed foods and risk of IA/type 1 diabetes using a Bayesian approach to joint models in 1-food and multi-food models adjusted for energy intake, sex, human leukocyte antigen genotype, and familial diabetes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The final multi-food model for islet cell antibodies plus biochemical IA included oats [hazard ratio (HR): 1.09; 95% credible interval (CI): 1.04, 1.14], banana (HR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.11), and cruciferous vegetables (HR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.73, 0.94). The final model for multiple biochemical IA included, in addition to the above-mentioned foods, fermented dairy (HR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.78) and wheat (HR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.18). The final multi-food model for type 1 diabetes included rye (HR: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.50), oats (HR: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.26), fruits (HR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.09), and berries (HR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.50, 0.93).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Higher consumption of oats, gluten-containing cereals, and fruits was associated with increased that of cruciferous vegetables with decreased risk of several type 1 diabetes-related endpoints when considering all the foods in combination. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景：目前还缺乏前瞻性的纵向证据，证明整个儿童时期的食物摄入与胰岛自身免疫（IA或）1型糖尿病的发生有关：我们研究了各种食物的摄入量及其组合与胰岛自身免疫和 1 型糖尿病风险的关系：方法：在前瞻性出生队列 1 型糖尿病预测和预防研究（n=5674）中，对 1996-2004 年出生的具有 1 型糖尿病遗传易感性的儿童进行了从出生到 6 岁的随访。暴露变量包括根据 3 个月至 6 岁期间 3 天重复食物记录得出的 34 种食物组，涵盖整个饮食。终点为胰岛细胞抗体（ICA）加生化IA（人数=247）、多种生化IA（人数=206）和1型糖尿病（人数=94）。我们采用贝叶斯方法分析了纵向观察到的食物与IA/1型糖尿病风险之间的关联，并根据能量摄入、性别、人类白细胞抗原（HLA）基因型和家族性糖尿病调整了单一食物模型和多种食物模型：ICA加生化IA的最终多食物模型包括燕麦[危险比（HR）1.09，95%可信区间（CI）1.04-1.14]、香蕉（HR 1.07，95% CI 1.03-1.11）和十字花科蔬菜（HR 0.83，95% CI 0.73-0.94）。多重生化指标IA的最终模型除上述食物外，还包括发酵乳制品（HR 1.42，95% CI 1.12-1.78）和小麦（HR 1.10，95% CI 1.03-1.18）。1型糖尿病的最终多种食物模型包括黑麦（HR 1.27，95% CI 1.07-1.50）、燕麦（HR 1.15，95% CI 1.03-1.26）、水果（HR 1.05，95% CI 1.01-1.09）和浆果（HR 0.67，95% CI 0.50-0.93）：综合考虑所有食物，燕麦、含麸谷物和水果摄入量越高，患 1 型糖尿病相关终点的风险越高；十字花科蔬菜摄入量越高，患 1 型糖尿病相关终点的风险越低。有必要开展进一步的病因和机理研究。
Food Consumption and Risk of Islet Autoimmunity and Type 1 Diabetes in Children at Increased Genetic Susceptibility for Type 1 Diabetes
Background
Prospective longitudinal evidence considering the entire childhood food consumption in relation to the development of islet autoimmunity (IA or) type 1 diabetes is lacking.
Objectives
We studied the associations of consumption of various foods and their combinations with IA and type 1 diabetes risk.
Methods
Children with genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes born in 1996–2004 were followed from birth up to ≤6 y of age in the prospective birth cohort type 1 diabetes prediction and prevention study (n = 5674). Exposure variables included 34 food groups covering the entire diet based on repeated 3-d food records at ages 3 mo to 6 y. Endpoints were islet cell antibodies plus biochemical IA (n = 247), multiple biochemical IA (n = 206), and type 1 diabetes (n = 94). We analyzed associations between longitudinally observed foods and risk of IA/type 1 diabetes using a Bayesian approach to joint models in 1-food and multi-food models adjusted for energy intake, sex, human leukocyte antigen genotype, and familial diabetes.
Results
The final multi-food model for islet cell antibodies plus biochemical IA included oats [hazard ratio (HR): 1.09; 95% credible interval (CI): 1.04, 1.14], banana (HR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.11), and cruciferous vegetables (HR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.73, 0.94). The final model for multiple biochemical IA included, in addition to the above-mentioned foods, fermented dairy (HR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.78) and wheat (HR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.18). The final multi-food model for type 1 diabetes included rye (HR: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.50), oats (HR: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.26), fruits (HR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.09), and berries (HR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.50, 0.93).
Conclusions
Higher consumption of oats, gluten-containing cereals, and fruits was associated with increased that of cruciferous vegetables with decreased risk of several type 1 diabetes-related endpoints when considering all the foods in combination. Further etiological and mechanistic studies are warranted.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Nutrition (JN/J Nutr) publishes peer-reviewed original research papers covering all aspects of experimental nutrition in humans and other animal species; special articles such as reviews and biographies of prominent nutrition scientists; and issues, opinions, and commentaries on controversial issues in nutrition. Supplements are frequently published to provide extended discussion of topics of special interest.
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