{"title":"激光参数和屏蔽气体流量对激光粉末床熔融中基于同轴光电二极管的熔池监测信号的影响","authors":"Joni Reijonen","doi":"10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100244","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Melt pool monitoring using co-axial photodiodes is increasingly used for online quality monitoring in PBF-LB AM. However, the fundamental correlations between different processing conditions and the co-axial photodiode signals are not well understood. In this study the impact of laser parameters and the shielding gas flow speed on co-axial photodiode-based melt pool monitoring signals is established. It is shown that laser power has positive linear correlation with the photodiode signal, while the correlation with scanning speed is non-linear in the form of <em>y</em>=ax<sup>–b</sup>. The focal point position, scanning orientation and shielding gas flow speed have highly non-linear response on the photodiode signal, depending on the combinatorial effects of the parameters. These underlying physical correlations should be carefully assessed and taken into consideration when trying to establish correlations between photodiode-based melt pool monitoring signal and defect formation in the PBF-LB process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72068,"journal":{"name":"Additive manufacturing letters","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100244"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772369024000525/pdfft?md5=cbf9c1ba3b0f65a2fea5968c1f650aaa&pid=1-s2.0-S2772369024000525-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Effect of laser parameters and shielding gas flow on co-axial photodiode-based melt pool monitoring signals in laser powder bed fusion\",\"authors\":\"Joni Reijonen\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100244\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>Melt pool monitoring using co-axial photodiodes is increasingly used for online quality monitoring in PBF-LB AM. However, the fundamental correlations between different processing conditions and the co-axial photodiode signals are not well understood. In this study the impact of laser parameters and the shielding gas flow speed on co-axial photodiode-based melt pool monitoring signals is established. It is shown that laser power has positive linear correlation with the photodiode signal, while the correlation with scanning speed is non-linear in the form of <em>y</em>=ax<sup>–b</sup>. The focal point position, scanning orientation and shielding gas flow speed have highly non-linear response on the photodiode signal, depending on the combinatorial effects of the parameters. These underlying physical correlations should be carefully assessed and taken into consideration when trying to establish correlations between photodiode-based melt pool monitoring signal and defect formation in the PBF-LB process.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":72068,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Additive manufacturing letters\",\"volume\":\"11 \",\"pages\":\"Article 100244\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-09-19\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772369024000525/pdfft?md5=cbf9c1ba3b0f65a2fea5968c1f650aaa&pid=1-s2.0-S2772369024000525-main.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Additive manufacturing letters\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772369024000525\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Additive manufacturing letters","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772369024000525","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
在 PBF-LB AM 的在线质量监测中,越来越多地使用同轴光电二极管进行熔池监测。然而,人们对不同加工条件与同轴光电二极管信号之间的基本关联还不甚了解。本研究确定了激光参数和保护气体流速对基于同轴光电二极管的熔池监测信号的影响。研究表明,激光功率与光电二极管信号呈正线性关系,而与扫描速度的关系则呈 y=ax-b 的非线性关系。焦点位置、扫描方向和屏蔽气体流速对光电二极管信号具有高度非线性响应,这取决于参数的组合效应。在尝试建立基于光电二极管的熔池监测信号与 PBF-LB 工艺中缺陷形成之间的相关性时,应仔细评估和考虑这些潜在的物理相关性。
Effect of laser parameters and shielding gas flow on co-axial photodiode-based melt pool monitoring signals in laser powder bed fusion
Melt pool monitoring using co-axial photodiodes is increasingly used for online quality monitoring in PBF-LB AM. However, the fundamental correlations between different processing conditions and the co-axial photodiode signals are not well understood. In this study the impact of laser parameters and the shielding gas flow speed on co-axial photodiode-based melt pool monitoring signals is established. It is shown that laser power has positive linear correlation with the photodiode signal, while the correlation with scanning speed is non-linear in the form of y=ax–b. The focal point position, scanning orientation and shielding gas flow speed have highly non-linear response on the photodiode signal, depending on the combinatorial effects of the parameters. These underlying physical correlations should be carefully assessed and taken into consideration when trying to establish correlations between photodiode-based melt pool monitoring signal and defect formation in the PBF-LB process.