伊朗健美运动员对膳食补充剂摄入的了解、流行程度及后果

IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Current Developments in Nutrition Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI:10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104437
Yasaman Bajool, Mohammad Hemmatinafar, Farhad Daryanoosh, Nima Jahaniboushehri, Zeinab Jahan, Babak Imanian
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景这项研究调查了伊朗健美运动员的营养知识和膳食补充剂(DSs)的使用率。方法这项横断面研究对伊朗 648 家健美俱乐部进行了抽样调查。研究人员在不同地区的俱乐部中发放了调查问卷,并对伊朗 160 名 18 岁及以上健美运动员的分类变量、膳食补充剂、营养知识和运动营养数据进行了分析。结果DS的使用与性别(P = 0.001,r = 0.330,男性> 女性)、健美历史(P = 0.045;r = 0.158)和运动次数/周(P = 0.050,r = 0.156)之间存在显著关系。乳清蛋白(45.6%)和支链氨基酸(33.7%)、维生素 D(50%)、咖啡因(34.3%)和维生素 C(56.2%)是最常用的 DS。健美运动员关于 DS 的最多信息来源是健身教练(35.6%)和注册营养师/营养学家(34.3%)。药店(36.7%)和健身教练(19.3%)是购买 DS 的最主要来源。提高运动成绩(54.3%)、通过运动增加对 DS 的需求(53.6%)、预防受伤和改善恢复(36.2%)是消费 DS 的最重要原因。皮肤问题(21.0%)、肝酶升高(10.8%)和脱发(9.4%)是服用 DS 最常见的副作用。这项研究的结论是,健身教练和注册营养师/营养学家是健美运动员最常见的信息来源。研究还显示,健美运动员的营养知识水平处于中等水平。最常用的 DS 是维生素 C、D 和乳清蛋白。此外,性别、健美历史和锻炼次数与DS的使用率也有显著关系。不过,研究也发现了一些令人担忧的问题;健美运动员普遍出现了不良副作用,如皮疹、肝酶升高和脱发。
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Knowledge, Prevalence, and Consequences of Dietary Supplements Intake among Iranian Bodybuilders

Background

This study investigated the nutritional knowledge and prevalence of dietary supplements (DSs) among Iranian bodybuilders.

Methods

This cross-sectional research study involved sampling 648 bodybuilding clubs in Iran. A researcher distributed questionnaires among clubs in various regions and analyzed categorical variables, DS, nutritional knowledge, and sports nutrition data from 160 bodybuilders aged 18 and above in Iran. The analysis was conducted using the results obtained from a quantitative questionnaire.

Results

There was a significant relationship between DS use and gender (P = 0.001, r = 0.330, males > females), bodybuilding history (P = 0.045; r = 0.158), and exercise sessions/wk (P = 0.050, r = 0.156). Whey protein (45.6%) and branched-chain amino acid (33.7%), vitamin D (50%), caffeine (34.3%), and generally vitamin C (56.2%) were the most common DS used. The most information sources for bodybuilders regarding DS were fitness coaches (35.6%) and registered dietitians/nutritionists (34.3%). Drug stores (36.7%) and fitness coaches (19.3%) were the most prominent sources for purchasing DS. Increasing performance (54.3%), increasing the need for DS through exercise (53.6%), preventing injury, and improving recovery (36.2%) were the most important reasons to consume DS. Skin problems (21.0%), increased liver enzymes (10.8%), and hair loss (9.4%) were the most common side effects of DS use. Total nutritional knowledge (macronutrients, micronutrients, and sports nutrition) was 58.6%.

Conclusions

This study concluded that fitness coaches and registered dietitians/nutritionists were the most common information sources for bodybuilders. It also revealed a moderate level of nutrition knowledge among bodybuilders. The most commonly used DS were vitamins C, D, and whey protein. Also, gender, bodybuilding history, and exercise sessions had a significant relationship with the prevalence of DS. However, the study also revealed some concerning findings; bodybuilders commonly experienced adverse side effects such as skin rashes, increased liver enzymes, and hair loss.
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来源期刊
Current Developments in Nutrition
Current Developments in Nutrition NUTRITION & DIETETICS-
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
4.20%
发文量
1327
审稿时长
8 weeks
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