Phase evolutions and the growth of Kirkendall voids in the V–Zn system

The V-Zn phase diagram became available after 1990. The existence of the VZn₁₆ phase has been questioned mainly. A solid–state diffusion experiment is conducted to reinvestigate the stability of phases. The interdiffusion zone is examined using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. Our analysis confirms that VZn₁₆ is one of the stable phases. Additionally, the growth of the VZn₉ product phase is observed in the V/Zn diffusion couple, indicating that this newly discovered phase is also stable. Furthermore, the formation of the Kirkendall voids is observed in the VZn₃ phase, which can affect the physico–mechanical reliability of any component during load-bearing application. Moreover, this study's findings could also be beneficial for the ongoing efforts of designing promising Zn–based biomaterials.