Scripta Materialia最新文献

英文中文

Deformation induced kink band formation and ω-to-β phase reversion in a cold rolled metastable β Ti-10Mo alloy 冷轧亚稳态Ti-10Mo合金变形诱导扭结带形成和ω-to-β相逆转

IF 5.6 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Scripta Materialia

Pub Date : 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2026.117194

Deepak V Pillai , Tirthesh Ingale , Fan Sun , Liang Qi , Rajarshi Banerjee , Yufeng Zheng

The deformation mechanism of a metastable β Ti-10Mo (wt.%) alloy during cold rolling was investigated using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy. While being typically considered a TRIP alloy, {332}_β<113>_β deformation twinning was identified as the dominant mechanism, accompanied by nanoscale stress-induced ω and αʺ martensite. Additionally, nanoscale <110>_β-type deformation induced kink bands formed via lattice rotation around <110>_β axis due to pileups of {112}_β<111>_β dislocations, effectively relaxing localized strain. Inside primary deformation kink bands, secondary <110>_β-type kink bands developed together with ω-free zones, wherein pre-formed athermal ω reverted to β phase. It is speculated that {112}_β<111>_β dislocation slip within primary kink bands promote secondary kink bands and facilitate the atomic shuffling along {112}_β planes leading to the ω-to-β phase reversion. These findings provide new insights into the role of kink band formation in strain accommodation and phase reversion in ductile metastable β titanium alloys.

采用扫描电镜、透射电镜和像差校正扫描电镜研究了亚稳态β Ti-10Mo （wt.%）合金在冷轧过程中的变形机理。虽然通常被认为是TRIP合金，但{332}β<；113>；β变形孪晶是主要机制，并伴有纳米级应力诱导的ω和α′′马氏体。此外，由于{112}β<；111>；β位错的堆积，纳米级的<；110>；β型变形诱导晶格围绕<；110>；β轴旋转形成扭结带，有效地松弛局部应变。在初级变形扭结带内，次级<；110>；β型扭结带与无ω区一起发育，其中预成型的非热ω向β相转变。推测{112}β<；111>；β位错滑移在初级扭结带内促进了次级扭结带，促进了原子沿{112}β平面的洗牌，导致了ω -β相的逆转。这些发现为研究扭结带形成在延展性亚稳β钛合金应变调节和相逆转中的作用提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Atomic-scale characterization of local lattice distortion and short-range order in (Ti0.2Zr0.2Nb0.2Mo0.2Hf0.2)B2 revealed by EXAFS and XANES EXAFS和XANES揭示的（Ti0.2Zr0.2Nb0.2Mo0.2Hf0.2）B2中局部晶格畸变和短程有序的原子尺度表征

IF 5.6 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Scripta Materialia

Pub Date : 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2026.117200

Haijing Li , Xian Dang , Shiqiang Yue , Luozhen Jiang , Zhihua Shen , Zhulin Huang , Haiyan He , Anding Wang

In this study, we investigate the representative equiatomic (Ti_0.2Zr_0.2Nb_0.2Mo_0.2Hf_0.2)B₂ using a combination of multi-shell EXAFS analysis and XANES spectroscopy supported by simulations. EXAFS quantifies the element-resolved bond-length variations (ΔR) and disorder parameters (σ²), revealing a systematic contraction of the M–B bonds for Ti/Zr/Hf and an expansion for Nb/Mo. These opposite responses reflect a balance between atomic-size mismatch and charge redistribution within the MB₁₂ polyhedra. A strong correlation between ΔR(M–B) and ΔR(M–M) further indicates that first-shell distortions propagate into the metal sublattice through a coherent strain field. XANES measurements identify element-specific charge redistribution, while first-principles XANES simulations show that experimental fingerprints are most consistent with local configurations containing mixed low- and high-electronegativity metal pairs, suggesting the presence of XANES-consistent local atomic motifs with element-specific pairing tendencies rather than statistically established ordering.

在本研究中，我们采用多壳层EXAFS分析和模拟支持的XANES光谱相结合的方法研究了具有代表性的等原子（Ti0.2Zr0.2Nb0.2Mo0.2Hf0.2）B2。EXAFS量化了元素分辨键长变化（ΔR）和无序参数（σ²），揭示了Ti/Zr/Hf的M-B键系统收缩和Nb/Mo的扩展。这些相反的反应反映了原子尺寸不匹配和MB12多面体内电荷再分配之间的平衡。ΔR（M-B）和ΔR（M-M）之间的强相关性进一步表明，第一壳层畸变通过相干应变场传播到金属亚晶格中。XANES测量确定了元素特有的电荷再分配，而第一性原理XANES模拟表明，实验指纹与含有混合低电负性和高电负性金属对的局部构型最一致，这表明存在与XANES一致的局部原子基序，具有元素特有的配对倾向，而不是统计上建立的顺序。

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引用次数: 0

High-resolution STEM/EDS characterization of defect cluster complexes in reactor pressure vessel steel model alloys 反应堆压力容器钢模型合金中缺陷团簇复合物的高分辨率STEM/EDS表征

IF 5.6 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Scripta Materialia

Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2026.117197

Yusuke Noshi , Koki Onaka , Moe Ishiwaki , Manato Kakizawa , Ryoya Ishigami , Tomokazu Yamamoto , Kazuhiro Yasuda , Ken-ichi Fukumoto

Dislocation loop complexes with solute atoms were observed in this study using a high-resolution STEM/EDS analysis technique. In Fe-1.3Mn-0.6Ni alloy, Mn segregated along dislocation lines, and Ni segregated to the centers of dislocation loops. Mn, predominantly diffusing as mixed dumbbells with SIA, were driven to segregate toward tensile stress regions outside the dislocation edges, appearing near the dislocation lines. Conversely, when Ni diffused via the vacancy dragging mechanism, they were driven to segregate toward compressive stress regions inside the dislocation loop edges, manifesting as segregation at the centers of the loops. In contrast, in Fe-1.3Mn-0.6Ni-0.2Si alloy, Si addition inhibited this Ni segregation. This occurred because Si atoms preferentially interacted with point defects, thereby restricting the available diffusion pathways for Ni segregation. Furthermore, as Si is thermodynamically stable in solid solution, it did not undergo spontaneous segregation; instead, it indirectly inhibited Ni segregation by competing for point defect diffusion vehicles.

本研究使用高分辨率STEM/EDS分析技术观察了溶质原子的位错环配合物。在Fe-1.3Mn-0.6Ni合金中，Mn沿位错线偏析，Ni向位错环中心偏析。Mn主要像SIA混合哑铃一样扩散，被驱动向位错边缘外的拉应力区偏析，出现在位错线附近。相反，当Ni通过空位拖拽机制扩散时，它们被驱动向位错环边缘的压应力区偏析，表现为在环中心偏析。而在Fe-1.3Mn-0.6Ni-0.2Si合金中，Si的加入抑制了这种Ni偏析。这是因为Si原子优先与点缺陷相互作用，从而限制了Ni偏析的可用扩散途径。此外，由于Si在固溶体中热力学稳定，它不会发生自发偏析；相反，它通过竞争点缺陷扩散载体间接抑制了Ni偏析。

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引用次数: 0

Solid -state dewetting in Pd/a-Ge bilayers Pd/a-Ge双分子层的固态脱湿

IF 5.6 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Scripta Materialia

Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2026.117188

Bärbel Krause , Gregory Abadias , David Babonneau

The post-growth morphology and the chemical composition of sputter-deposited Pd/a-Ge films were studied by in situ atomic force microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy under UHV conditions. The polycrystalline films consist of locally epitaxial Pd/Pd₂Ge grains on an amorphous germanium buffer layer. We found that the films show a thickness-dependent tendency for solid-state dewetting, which occurs at the interface between the Pd and Pd₂Ge layers and for Pd thicknesses below 6 nm. The post-growth dewetting is correlated with the real-time stress evolution during deposition. Real-time x-ray reflectivity measurements confirm that the dewetting is kinetically hindered during deposition, while individual grains dissolve after deposition, leaving deep holes. The room-temperature dewetting of Pd/a-Ge combines characteristic features of epitaxial and polycrystalline dewetting mechanisms. We propose that it is driven by the misfit strain between Pd and Pd₂Ge, while the stability of individual grains is determined by the local grain boundary configuration.

采用原位原子力显微镜和x射线光电子能谱技术研究了溅射沉积Pd/a-Ge薄膜在超高压条件下的生长后形貌和化学成分。该多晶薄膜由局部外延的Pd/Pd2Ge晶粒组成，外延在非晶锗缓冲层上。我们发现，在Pd和Pd2Ge层之间的界面以及Pd厚度低于6 nm时，薄膜表现出与厚度相关的固态脱湿趋势。生长后的脱湿与沉积过程中的实时应力演化有关。实时x射线反射率测量证实，在沉积过程中，脱湿受到动力学阻碍，而单个颗粒在沉积后溶解，留下深孔。Pd/a-Ge的室温脱湿结合了外延和多晶脱湿机制的特点。我们认为这是由Pd和Pd2Ge之间的失配应变驱动的，而单个晶粒的稳定性是由局部晶界配置决定的。

引用次数: 0

Solute/interphase interaction and deviation from equilibrium during ferrite growth: Nanoscale diagnostics 铁氧体生长过程中溶质/相间相互作用和平衡偏差：纳米级诊断

IF 5.6 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Scripta Materialia

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2026.117195

Olha Nakonechna , Frédéric Danoix , Helena Zapolsky , Mohamed Gouné

A significant deviation in phase fractions from equilibrium is highlighted during γ-austenite to α-ferrite transformation at 625 °C of a Fe-C-Mn model alloy. To understand it, representative α/γ interfaces were analysed by atom probe tomography for different holding times, after selection assisted by electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD). Most of the interfaces exhibit strong Mn segregation within the interface, and some were found to be in paraequilibrium (PE) mode. Individual interface dynamics were revealed, and the observed growth sequence in PE mode, segregation at the α/γ interface, and partitioning of Mn into austenite are analyzed using the normalized interface velocity. This latter, rather than the intrinsic velocity of the interface, is shown to be the marker of solute/interface interaction. The original deviation of the ferrite phase fraction from equilibrium is associated with the velocity-dependent segregation effects. The proposed analysis provides clarification of the mechanisms and modes of ferrite growth in steels.

在625℃下，Fe-C-Mn模型合金的γ-奥氏体向α-铁素体转变过程中，相分数明显偏离平衡。为了理解这一点，在电子背散射衍射（EBSD）辅助选择后，用原子探针断层扫描分析了不同保温时间下具有代表性的α/γ界面。大多数界面在界面内表现出强烈的Mn偏析，有些界面处于副平衡态（PE）。利用归一化界面速度分析了在PE模式下观察到的生长顺序、α/γ界面的偏析以及Mn向奥氏体的划分。后者，而不是界面的固有速度，被证明是溶质/界面相互作用的标志。铁素体相分数与平衡相的原始偏差与速度相关的偏析效应有关。提出的分析澄清了钢中铁素体生长的机制和模式。

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引用次数: 0

Reduction of lateral constrain leads to plasticity in metallic glasses 横向约束的减小导致了金属玻璃的塑性

IF 5.6 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Scripta Materialia

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2026.117165

Rui Yamada , Keisuke Tabaru , Ryota Maeda , Wook Ha Ryu , Junji Saida

Inserting a Teflon tape between a relaxed sample of a Zr₅₀Cu₄₀Al₁₀ metallic glass and a loading platen resulted in the emergence of a plastic strain of 1.5%–2% under compression. We determined the origin of plasticity from the evolution of the local internal strain/stress state (i.e., the local mechanical state) during compression. A real-time observation of the strain state by a digital image correlation (DIC) analysis revealed a large longitudinal-to-lateral strain ratio (–ε_xx/ε_yy) near the contact area, suggesting that the Teflon tape enabled expansion of this region. A finite element method (FEM) analysis confirmed this hypothesis. The DIC analysis revealed the appearance of multiple shear bands, which were initiated in regions that were identified as yielding areas under the expansion contact condition in the FEM analysis. The induced inhomogeneous strain/stress distribution retarded the immediate penetration of shear bands/cracks, which may have led to the emergence of global plasticity.

在松弛的Zr50Cu40Al10金属玻璃样品和加载板之间插入特氟龙胶带，在压缩下出现1.5%-2%的塑性应变。我们从压缩过程中局部内部应变/应力状态（即局部力学状态）的演变中确定了塑性的起源。通过数字图像相关（DIC）分析实时观察应变状态，发现在接触区域附近有较大的纵向-横向应变比（-εxx /εyy），表明Teflon胶带使该区域膨胀。有限元分析证实了这一假设。DIC分析显示，在有限元分析中膨胀接触条件下被确定为屈服区的区域出现了多个剪切带。这种不均匀的应变/应力分布阻碍了剪切带/裂纹的直接渗透，从而可能导致整体塑性的出现。

引用次数: 0

High-temperature Mo-based amorphous alloys with enhanced corrosion resistance in lead-bismuth eutectic at 500 °C 高温钼基非晶合金在500°C铅铋共晶中具有增强的耐腐蚀性

IF 5.6 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Scripta Materialia

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2026.117191

Siming Xiao , Chengquan Zhang , Ya-nan Chen , Chen Su , Pengcheng Zhang , Feifei Zhang , Jijun Yang , Shengfeng Guo

Molybdenum exhibits low solubility in liquid lead-bismuth (LBE) and maintains structural stability at high temperatures, making it a candidate for reactor cladding. However, grain boundaries in crystalline Mo enable LBE penetration. Mo-based amorphous alloys eliminate these boundaries while retaining high thermal stability, potentially providing superior corrosion resistance. Herein, we systematically investigate the corrosion behavior of two Mo-based amorphous alloys, MoCoB and MoCoCrBC, in LBE at 500 °C. The MoCoCrBC exhibits superior corrosion resistance even after prolonged exposure exceeding 2000 h, whereas the MoCoB shows reduced corrosion resistance. Experimental results reveal that the corrosion layer of the MoCoB primarily consists of MoO₂, CoMoO₄, and PbMoO₄. In contrast, the MoCoCrBC forms a continuous and dense Cr₂O₃ layer on its surface, serving as an effective diffusion barrier that suppresses the penetration of corrosive species into the matrix. These findings provide valuable insights for the development of Mo-based amorphous alloys for LBE environment.

钼在液态铅铋（LBE）中的溶解度低，在高温下保持结构稳定性，使其成为反应堆包壳的候选材料。然而，结晶Mo的晶界使LBE渗透成为可能。钼基非晶合金消除了这些边界，同时保持了高热稳定性，潜在地提供了优越的耐腐蚀性。本文系统地研究了MoCoB和MoCoCrBC两种mo基非晶合金在500℃LBE中的腐蚀行为。MoCoCrBC即使在长时间暴露超过2000 h后也表现出优异的耐腐蚀性，而MoCoB的耐腐蚀性下降。实验结果表明，MoCoB的腐蚀层主要由MoO2、CoMoO4和PbMoO4组成。相比之下，MoCoCrBC在其表面形成连续致密的Cr2O3层，作为有效的扩散屏障，抑制腐蚀物质向基体的渗透。这些发现为LBE环境下钼基非晶合金的开发提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Phase boundary mediated twinning in stress-induced martensitic bands in metastable Ti-6Mo-3.5Cr-1Zr alloy 亚稳Ti-6Mo-3.5Cr-1Zr合金中应力诱导马氏体带的相界介导孪晶

IF 5.6 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Scripta Materialia

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2026.117192

Fei Zhang , Shun Xu , Shiwei Pan , Feng Qian , Lin Yang , Qunbo Fan , Xingwang Cheng

The obstruction of boundaries on propagation of deformation twinning requires accommodation mechanisms with the largest compatibility ability. In this work, two types of localized shear mechanisms acting as incident banding, i.e., β→αʹ martensitic transformation and β→{332} twinning, interact with residual αʹ phase boundary (PB) in Ti-6Mo-3.5Cr-1Zr alloy. Both types of interactions trigger secondary

{10 \bar{1} 2}

twins inside the residual αʹ phase as accommodation. Surprisingly, the potential

{10 \bar{1} 2}

twinning variant with the maximum accommodation capacity is not activated, but the one that intersects the PB along a <

11 \bar{2} 0

> direction is frequently preferred. Our analysis indicates that the determination of the preferred mechanism correlates with minimization of the misalignment between the intersection lines of the accommodative twinning plane and the transformation plane of the incident banding with the residual PB. The geometrical feature is important because small misalignment of intersection lines at PB facilitates resultant dislocations dissociation for the nucleation of secondary twins.

边界对变形孪晶扩展的阻碍需要具有最大相容性的调节机制。本文研究了Ti-6Mo-3.5Cr-1Zr合金中β→α′马氏体相变和β→{332}孪晶两种局部剪切机制与残余α′相界（PB）的相互作用。这两种相互作用都在残余α′相内触发次级{101¯2}孪晶作为调节。令人惊讶的是，具有最大容纳能力的潜在{101¯2}孪生变体没有被激活，但沿着<；112¯0>；方向与PB相交的变体通常是首选。我们的分析表明，优选机制的确定与最小化可调节孪晶平面的交点线与入射带的变换平面之间的不对准有关。几何特征是重要的，因为在PB处相交线的小错位有利于次生孪核的位错解离。

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引用次数: 0

Anomalous strengthening in Fe-Cr-Ni-Al-Ti high entropy alloy via annealing-induced nanoprecipitate refinement Fe-Cr-Ni-Al-Ti高熵合金退火诱导纳米沉淀细化的异常强化

IF 5.6 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Scripta Materialia

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2026.117190

H.W. Hu , Y. Xu , S.Q. Ding , D.X. Zhang , J. Wang , J.Z. Jiang , X.D. Wang , Q.P. Cao

This study reveals an anomalous precipitate evolution mechanism regulated by annealing temperature in an Fe_61.5Cr_17.5Ni₁₂Al₈Ti₁ high-entropy alloy. We found that direct quenching after high-temperature annealing at 1273 K can induce a high density of nanoscale, coherent B2-NiAl precipitates (∼50 nm) within the BCC matrix, bypassing the conventional two-step process requiring separate low-temperature aging. The micro-mechanism involves dissolution of precipitates as annealing places the BCC matrix of the alloy in the BCC single-phase region, followed by non-equilibrium precipitation driven by high supersaturation during quenching. In contrast, annealing at 1073–1173 K retains the BCC matrix of the alloy in the BCC+B2 two-phase region, leading solely to precipitate coarsening. This temperature-dependent pathway bifurcation switches the dominant strengthening mechanism from Orowan bypassing to dislocation shearing, elevating the precipitation strengthening contribution to ∼546 MPa and ultimately increasing the alloy's yield strength remarkably to ∼1178 MPa.

本研究揭示了Fe61.5Cr17.5Ni12Al8Ti1高熵合金在退火温度调控下的异常析出机制。我们发现，在1273 K高温退火后直接淬火可以在BCC基体中诱导高密度的纳米级，相干的B2-NiAl沉淀（~ 50 nm），绕过了需要单独低温时效的传统两步工艺。微观机制包括：退火使合金的BCC基体处于BCC单相区，析出相析出，淬火过程中高过饱和导致非平衡析出。相比之下，1073-1173 K的退火在BCC+B2两相区保留了合金的BCC基体，只导致析出相粗化。这种依赖温度的路径分叉将主要强化机制从Orowan旁路转变为位错剪切，将析出强化贡献提高到~ 546 MPa，最终将合金的屈服强度显著提高到~ 1178 MPa。

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引用次数: 0

An updated creep formulation for uranium nitride valid across extended stress-temperature domains 一个更新的蠕变公式氮化铀有效的扩展应力-温度域

IF 5.6 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Scripta Materialia

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2026.117187

Maria Kosmidou , Andre Broussard , Conor Galvin , Jie Lian , Erofili Kardoulaki

Creep behavior in uranium nitride (UN) has traditionally been described using the Hayes formulation; however, its fidelity degrades outside narrow stress and temperature bounds. A refined creep model is developed that captures deformation behavior across an extended stress-temperature domain. Newly conducted creep experiments, combined with literature data, facilitated the development of the formulation, which incorporates intrinsic pellet parameters—grain size, impurity content, and theoretical density—and provides an accurate representation of UN’s creep behavior. The model shows good agreement with both new experimental data and values reported in the literature. The proposed expression offers a robust, physically grounded predictive tool for UN performance, suitable for direct implementation in fuel performance and reactor simulation codes.

氮化铀（UN）的蠕变行为传统上是用Hayes公式来描述的；然而，在狭窄的应力和温度范围之外，其保真度会下降。开发了一种精细的蠕变模型，可以捕获扩展应力-温度域的变形行为。新进行的蠕变实验，结合文献数据，促进了配方的发展，该配方结合了颗粒的固有参数-粒度，杂质含量和理论密度-并提供了UN蠕变行为的准确表示。该模型与新的实验数据和文献报道的值吻合良好。所提出的表达式为联合国性能提供了一个健壮的、物理基础的预测工具，适合在燃料性能和反应堆模拟代码中直接实现。

引用次数: 0

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