Supply networks of fisheries social-ecological systems: A systematic review of the network approach

A fishery supply network (FSN) is a complex system involving different stakeholders interacting through various processes, which presents challenges for monitoring and management. The network approach enables a comprehensive understanding of FSNs by analyzing interactions and dynamics among actors and processes, facilitating effective management. A systematic review of the scientific literature was conducted to identify the contributions and advances that the network approach has triggered in FSN studies. An upward trend in papers published yearly over the past twenty years was identified, focusing on system dynamics, traceability, management, market influences, environmental impacts, and governance. Advancements include understanding how relationships between actors influence system performance and highlighting stakeholder involvement's critical role in collaborative solutions. The main limitations identified are data collection and availability, the infrequency of linking social and ecological systems, and the complexity of building dynamics models. Despite these challenges, the network approach is indispensable for better understanding FSNs and driving sustainable management and conservation initiatives. Finally, we propose five best practices for FSN studies, including 1) mapping actors or processes, 2) enhancing data collection, 3) network modeling, 4) scenario evaluation, and 5) ethical considerations. Also, several recommendations for future research on FSNs are discussed.