Design and numerical analysis of a Y-shaped flow channel for enhanced hydrogen production in solid oxide electrolysis cells

Hydrogen produced from renewable sources is crucial for reducing carbon emissions and mitigating the impact of greenhouse gases. Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells (SOECs) offer high efficiency in this regard, making them a focus of significant research interest. This study introduces a novel approach using numerical simulations to design a Y-shaped flow channel interconnector for the first time. A three-dimensional multiphysics coupling mathematical model is developed to investigate hydrogen production via water electrolysis in SOECs. Comparative analysis between the new Y-shaped flow channel and traditional straight channel SOEC models covers component distribution, temperature field, electrolyte current density, and thermal stress. Simulation results indicate a 20.72 % increase in hydrolysis rate with the Y-shaped channel under a counter-flow arrangement compared to the conventional straight channel. The rhombic connectors in the Y-shaped design lead to a more uniform current density distribution, with a maximum current density higher by approximately 647 A/m² than the straight channel. However, the Y-shaped channel exhibits higher temperatures, resulting in larger thermal stress.