An MCDM-GIS framework for assessing flooding resilience of urban metro systems

Extreme rainstorms pose significant challenges to the operation of urban metro systems. This study proposes a data-driven framework for evaluating the flood resilience of metro systems, considering the spatio-temporal differences in rainfall patterns. Furthermore, it offers recommendations to bolster resilience against flooding, ensuring the safety and continuity of metro systems in the face of increasing climatic challenges. The proposed framework adheres to the tenets of design science research, a methodological approach that synergizes theoretical and empirical aspects. This framework was examined by assessing flood resilience at 254 metro stations in Wuhan. The study reveals insights into the spatial distribution of flood resilience among metro stations, with those located in suburban areas being riskier than their counterparts in city centers. Additionally, the implementation of emergency flood response strategies and the execution of pre-disaster drills play a pivotal role in reducing the potential losses caused by flooding.