Xiaonan Hao, Huijing Zhang, Xinyi Zhao, Xin Peng, Kun Li
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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景：住院相关残疾（HAD）严重限制了老年患者的治疗效果，而目前针对 HAD 的可用管理方案却很少。本综述旨在确定和量化 HAD 的风险因素，为制定以老年患者风险因素管理为中心的 HAD 预防计划提供可靠证据：方法：在 2024 年 3 月对 MEDLINE、Embase、PsycINFO、CINAHL 和 PubMed 数据库进行了检索，以确定使用多变量分析来研究老年患者 HAD 危险因素的横断面和队列研究：我们筛选了 883 项研究，其中 21 项符合纳入标准。我们的研究结果表明，在老年患者中，各种风险因素与 HAD 之间存在着很大的关联。具体来说，高龄、女性、白种人、合并症负担、入院时日常生活活动能力较强、痴呆诊断和住院时间较长是导致 HAD 的重要风险因素。此外，虚弱、身体功能差、行动不便和谵妄也被确认为老年患者发生 HAD 的风险因素：本综述全面综述了老年患者发生 HAD 的风险因素，为制定住院前和住院期间的 HAD 预防策略提供了宝贵的指导。
Risk factors for hospitalization-associated disability among older patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Background
The outcomes of older patients are significantly limited by hospitalization-associated disability (HAD), and there are currently few available management options for HAD. This review aimed to identify and quantify the risk factors for HAD, to provide reliable evidence for developing a HAD prevention program centered on risk factor management among older patients.
Methods
The MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and PubMed databases were searched in March 2024 to identify cross-sectional and cohort studies that used multivariable analysis to examine risk factors for HAD among older patients.
Results
We screened 883 studies, 21 of which met our inclusion criteria. Our findings revealed a substantial association between various risk factors and HAD among older patients. Specifically, advanced age, female sex, Caucasian ethnicity, comorbidity burden, better activities of daily living at admission, dementia diagnosis, and longer lengths of stay were significant risk factors for HAD. Furthermore, frailty, poor physical function, immobility, and delirium were identified as confirmed risk factors for HAD among older patients.
Conclusions
This review provided a comprehensive synthesis of available evidence on risk factors for HAD among older patients, serving as a valuable guide for the development of HAD prevention strategies both prior to and during hospitalization.
期刊介绍：
With the rise in average human life expectancy, the impact of ageing and age-related diseases on our society has become increasingly significant. Ageing research is now a focal point for numerous laboratories, encompassing leaders in genetics, molecular and cellular biology, biochemistry, and behavior. Ageing Research Reviews (ARR) serves as a cornerstone in this field, addressing emerging trends.
ARR aims to fill a substantial gap by providing critical reviews and viewpoints on evolving discoveries concerning the mechanisms of ageing and age-related diseases. The rapid progress in understanding the mechanisms controlling cellular proliferation, differentiation, and survival is unveiling new insights into the regulation of ageing. From telomerase to stem cells, and from energy to oxyradical metabolism, we are witnessing an exciting era in the multidisciplinary field of ageing research.
The journal explores the cellular and molecular foundations of interventions that extend lifespan, such as caloric restriction. It identifies the underpinnings of manipulations that extend lifespan, shedding light on novel approaches for preventing age-related diseases. ARR publishes articles on focused topics selected from the expansive field of ageing research, with a particular emphasis on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the aging process. This includes age-related diseases like cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. The journal also covers applications of basic ageing research to lifespan extension and disease prevention, offering a comprehensive platform for advancing our understanding of this critical field.
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