Beatriz Martín Cruz, Cristian Rial Berriel, Andrea Acosta Dacal, Ana Carromeu-Santos, Katherine Simbaña-Rivera, Sofia I Gabriel, Natalia Pastor Tiburón, Fernando González González, Rocío Fernández Valeriano, Luis Alberto Henríquez-Hernández, Manuel Zumbado-Peña, Octavio P Luzardo
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引用次数: 0
摘要
抗凝血灭鼠剂(ARs)对非目标物种的全球影响已得到广泛认可。猛禽作为顶级捕食者,极易受到 AR 暴露的影响,在欧洲被广泛用作重点污染物的生物监测器。本研究调查了海岛地区与大陆地区猛禽接触 SGAR 的不同情况,假设海岛地区由于猎物多样性减少、杀鼠剂的密集使用和抗药性啮齿动物种群等生态因素而接触 SGAR 的机会更大。我们使用 LC-MS/MS 分析了伊比利亚半岛及其群岛的 190 只普通红隼和 104 只普通鵟的肝脏,以评估它们作为 AR 哨兵的作用以及岛屿地区和大陆地区之间的差异。结果显示,第二代抗凝血灭鼠剂(SGARs)的使用率很高(超过 80%),其中溴鼠灵和溴敌隆的使用率最高。检测到多种 SGAR 的情况也很常见(≈50%)。二项式逻辑回归显示,物种和地区对暴露于 SGAR 的可能性有显著影响。与鵟相比,红隼体内SGAR含量超过100纳克/克湿重(湿重)的概率更高。与大陆地区的猛禽相比,来自海岛地区的猛禽体内 SGAR 浓度较高的可能性要高出十倍。然而,2018 年生效的关于 SGAR 诱饵浓度的法律限制并未对暴露水平产生重大影响。这项研究强调,有必要开展有针对性的保护工作,以降低脆弱岛屿生态系统中的 AR 暴露风险。
Differential exposure to second-generation anticoagulant rodenticides in raptors from continental and insular regions of the Iberian Peninsula.
The global impact of anticoagulant rodenticides (ARs) on non-target species is well-recognized. Birds of prey, as apex predators, are highly vulnerable to AR exposure and are widely used as biomonitors for priority pollutants in Europe. This study investigates differential SGAR exposure in raptors from insular versus continental regions, hypothesizing greater exposure in insular areas due to ecological factors like reduced prey diversity, intensive rodenticide use, and resistant rodent populations. We analyzed the livers of 190 common kestrels (Falco tinnunculus) and 104 common buzzards (Buteo buteo) across the Iberian Peninsula and its archipelagos using LC-MS/MS to assess their role as AR sentinels and the differences between insular and continental areas. Results revealed a high prevalence (>80%) of second-generation anticoagulant rodenticides (SGARs), with brodifacoum and bromadiolone, being the most frequent. Multiple SGAR detections were also common (≈50%). A binomial logistic regression showed that species and region significantly influence the likelihood of SGAR exposure. Kestrels had a greater probability of exceeding 100 ng/g wet weight (ww) compared to buzzards. Raptors from insular territories were ten times more likely to have higher SGAR concentrations than those from continental areas. However, the legal restriction on SGAR bait concentrations that came into effect in 2018 did not significantly impact exposure levels. This study highlights the need for targeted conservation efforts to mitigate AR exposure risk in vulnerable island ecosystems.
期刊介绍:
Environmental Pollution is an international peer-reviewed journal that publishes high-quality research papers and review articles covering all aspects of environmental pollution and its impacts on ecosystems and human health.
Subject areas include, but are not limited to:
• Sources and occurrences of pollutants that are clearly defined and measured in environmental compartments, food and food-related items, and human bodies;
• Interlinks between contaminant exposure and biological, ecological, and human health effects, including those of climate change;
• Contaminants of emerging concerns (including but not limited to antibiotic resistant microorganisms or genes, microplastics/nanoplastics, electronic wastes, light, and noise) and/or their biological, ecological, or human health effects;
• Laboratory and field studies on the remediation/mitigation of environmental pollution via new techniques and with clear links to biological, ecological, or human health effects;
• Modeling of pollution processes, patterns, or trends that is of clear environmental and/or human health interest;
• New techniques that measure and examine environmental occurrences, transport, behavior, and effects of pollutants within the environment or the laboratory, provided that they can be clearly used to address problems within regional or global environmental compartments.