Effects of LED polarized and vortex light on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

Most studies currently focus on traditional illuminant regulating plant growth, while less attention has been given to the LED internal luminescence. This study examined how polarized and vortex light affect the growth and photosynthetic traits of pepper plants, with LED light used as the control. The findings indicated that circular polarized light significantly increased the aboveground biomass of pepper. Additionally, both polarized and vortex light treatment significantly influenced the root development of pepper. In comparison to the control group, the chlorophyll content was highest under circular polarized light, while the Pn, Sc, Tr, and Ci values were highest under linear polarized light, and the enzyme activity of Rubisco was increased. Circular polarized light notably increased the activities of POD, CAT, and SOD, the activity of SOD reached its peak under the left vortex light. Moreover, the content of MDA was observed to be the lowest under linear and right vortex light treatments. The expressions of key genes for chlorophyll synthesis (CaHEMA1 and CaCAO) and antioxidant enzyme synthesis (CaPOD, CaSOD, and CaMDHAR) were significantly altered under varying polarized light conditions, The latter genes, which play crucial roles in antioxidant enzyme activity, also showed significant variations in response to different polarized light treatments. In conclusion, polarized light significantly impacts the growth of pepper and is anticipated to be utilized for plant growth, setting the stage for future research in this area.