Krzysztof Durkalec-Michalski, Natalia Główka, Tomasz Podgórski, Mikołaj Szymocha, Błażej Przybylik, Krystian Wochna, Małgorzata Woźniewicz, Paulina M Nowaczyk
{"title":"补充牛初乳会影响耐力训练男性的游泳成绩吗？一项随机安慰剂对照交叉研究。","authors":"Krzysztof Durkalec-Michalski, Natalia Główka, Tomasz Podgórski, Mikołaj Szymocha, Błażej Przybylik, Krystian Wochna, Małgorzata Woźniewicz, Paulina M Nowaczyk","doi":"10.3390/nu16183204","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: <i>Colostrum Bovinum</i> (COL) is recognized for its unique composition and potential ergogenic and immunological benefits. Unlike mature milk, COL is rich in immunoglobulins, lactoferrin, and various growth factors, making it one of the most potent natural immune stimulants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of 12-weeks of COL supplementation on swimming-specific performance (SSP) and exercise adaptations in endurance-trained male athletes. <b>Methods:</b> Twenty-eight male triathletes and swimmers (age: 31.1 ± 10.2 years; body mass: 81.9 ± 9.0 kg; height: 1.82 ± 0.06 m) participated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo (PLA)-controlled crossover study and received 25 g∙day<sup>-1</sup> of COL or PLA for 12 weeks. The study assessed the effects of COL on SSP (8 × 100 m performed at various intensities) and exercise adaptations [heart rate (HR) and blood lactate concentrations ([<i>La<sup>-</sup></i>])]. Four main study visits were conducted-before and after COL (<i>COL<sub>PRE</sub></i> and <i>COL<sub>POST</sub></i>) and PLA (<i>PLA<sub>PRE</sub></i> and <i>PLA<sub>POST</sub></i>) supplementation. <b>Results</b>: COL had no significant effect on SSP. Still, the total time of the SSP test was about ~3.04 s shorter after COL supplementation, and ~7.13 s longer after PLA supplementation. Neither COL nor PLA supplementation affected HR during the SSP test. Post-exercise blood [<i>La<sup>-</sup></i>] was significantly reduced after both COL and PLA supplementation. The analysis of SSP results in the consecutive study visits revealed possible existence of the practice effect. <b>Conclusions</b>: <i>Colostrum Bovinum</i> and high-quality milk protein (PLA) seem to be comparably effective in evoking exercise adaptation in endurance-trained male athletes. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景/目的：牛初乳（COL）因其独特的成分和潜在的生肌和免疫益处而被公认。与成熟牛奶不同，牛初乳富含免疫球蛋白、乳铁蛋白和各种生长因子，是最有效的天然免疫兴奋剂之一。本研究的目的是评估为期 12 周的 COL 补充剂对耐力训练男性运动员游泳专项成绩（SSP）和运动适应性的影响。研究方法：28 名男子铁人三项运动员和游泳运动员（年龄：31.1 ± 10.2 岁；体重：81.9 ± 9.0 千克；身高：1.82 ± 0.06 米）参加了一项随机、双盲、安慰剂（PLA）对照交叉研究，在 12 周内服用 25 克 COL 或 PLA。该研究评估了 COL 对 SSP（以不同强度进行 8 × 100 米）和运动适应性[心率（HR）和血乳酸浓度（[La-]）]的影响。主要进行了四次研究考察--补充 COL（COLPRE 和 COLPOST）和 PLA（PLAPRE 和 PLAPOST）之前和之后。研究结果COL对SSP没有明显影响。不过，补充 COL 后，SSP 测试的总时间缩短了约 3.04 秒，而补充 PLA 后则延长了约 7.13 秒。补充 COL 和 PLA 都不会影响 SSP 测试期间的心率。补充 COL 和 PLA 后，运动后血液[La-]明显减少。对连续研究访问中的 SSP 结果进行的分析表明，可能存在练习效应。结论牛初乳和优质牛奶蛋白（PLA）在唤起耐力训练男子运动员的运动适应性方面似乎效果相当。在解释与运动表现相关的结果时，运动员的长期交叉补充方案必须考虑到可能存在的实践效应的影响，而不是运动适应的生化或生理指标。
Does Colostrum Bovinum Supplementation Affect Swimming Performance in Endurance-Trained Males? A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Crossover Study.
Background/Objectives: Colostrum Bovinum (COL) is recognized for its unique composition and potential ergogenic and immunological benefits. Unlike mature milk, COL is rich in immunoglobulins, lactoferrin, and various growth factors, making it one of the most potent natural immune stimulants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of 12-weeks of COL supplementation on swimming-specific performance (SSP) and exercise adaptations in endurance-trained male athletes. Methods: Twenty-eight male triathletes and swimmers (age: 31.1 ± 10.2 years; body mass: 81.9 ± 9.0 kg; height: 1.82 ± 0.06 m) participated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo (PLA)-controlled crossover study and received 25 g∙day-1 of COL or PLA for 12 weeks. The study assessed the effects of COL on SSP (8 × 100 m performed at various intensities) and exercise adaptations [heart rate (HR) and blood lactate concentrations ([La-])]. Four main study visits were conducted-before and after COL (COLPRE and COLPOST) and PLA (PLAPRE and PLAPOST) supplementation. Results: COL had no significant effect on SSP. Still, the total time of the SSP test was about ~3.04 s shorter after COL supplementation, and ~7.13 s longer after PLA supplementation. Neither COL nor PLA supplementation affected HR during the SSP test. Post-exercise blood [La-] was significantly reduced after both COL and PLA supplementation. The analysis of SSP results in the consecutive study visits revealed possible existence of the practice effect. Conclusions: Colostrum Bovinum and high-quality milk protein (PLA) seem to be comparably effective in evoking exercise adaptation in endurance-trained male athletes. Long-term crossover supplementation protocols in athletes must consider the impact of possible practice effect when interpreting the outcomes related to exercise performance, but not biochemical or physiological markers of exercise adaptation.
期刊介绍：
Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643) is an international, peer-reviewed open access advanced forum for studies related to Human Nutrition. It publishes reviews, regular research papers and short communications. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced.
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