Antioxidant and α-glucosidace inhibitory activities of the Andrographis paniculata Nees. ultrasonic leaf extract.

Different natural products derived from plants have long been utilized as traditional herbal remedies to treat a variety of ailments and these substances have inspired the design, discovery and development of new pharmaceuticals. Andrographis paniculata is an annual plant that is frequently grown for therapeutic purposes in Southeast Asian countries. The A. paniculata Nees is an Indonesian natural plant that is thought to have antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and anti-hyperlipidemic properties. In this study, ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) was used to optimize extraction conditions by varying time and amplitude. Furthermore, the UAE extract was evaluated for antioxidant activity utilizing 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH), iron reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and copper ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), as well as its anti-diabetic potential via α-glucosidase inhibition. Based on antioxidant activity with an IC₅₀ value of 73.71 ±0.28, extract B (extraction time 35 minutes and amplitude 65%) was considered to have optimum conditions for extraction. In addition, it was found that extract A. paniculata (extraction time 30 minutes and amplitude 60%) showed the most active inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase, with an IC₅₀ value of 0.87 ±0.003. The A. paniculata ethanolic leaf extract exhibits antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties.