利用壳聚糖包覆的niosomes加强克林霉素的输送以防止弓形虫株VEG在妊娠小鼠中的感染:一项实验研究。

IF 3.6 Q1 TROPICAL MEDICINE Tropical Medicine and Health Pub Date : 2024-09-29 DOI:10.1186/s41182-024-00636-x
Mitra Sadeghi, Seyed Abdollah Hosseini, Shahabeddin Sarvi, Pedram Ebrahimnejad, Hossein Asgaryan Omran, Zohre Zare, Shirzad Gholami, Alireza Khalilian, Seyedeh Melika Ahmadi, Fatemeh Hajizadeh, Mostafa Tork, Ahmad Daryani, Sargis A Aghayan
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:先天性弓形虫病是指孕妇首次感染弓形虫(T. gondii)。治疗通常包括抗菌药物,螺旋霉素常用于预防传播。然而,由于螺旋霉素对胎盘的穿透性较差,其疗效有限。另一种抗生素克林霉素可以穿过胎盘,但到达胎儿体内的浓度只有母体浓度的一半。将药物封装在壳聚糖包裹的niosomes(Cs-Nio)中,可以通过靶向特定器官和确保持续释放来提高药物的疗效。为了应对使用克林霉素所面临的挑战,研究人员在动物模型中研究了一种包裹壳聚糖的niosome系统,用于治疗由冈底斯弓形虫VEG株引起的先天性弓形虫病:方法:妊娠小鼠在妊娠第 12 天感染 VEG 株弓形虫,然后分 6 组接受不同药物的治疗。治疗方法包括壳聚糖包裹的含克林霉素的niosomes(Cs-Nio-Cli)和其他对照组。为评估疗效,还进行了寄生虫学评估(显微镜检查和实时 PCR)以及组织病理学和免疫学评估。最后,使用 GraphPad Prism 8.0 和 SPSS 26 进行统计分析,用 T 检验和 Mann-Whitney 检验比较试验组和对照组。P≤0.05为差异有统计学意义:研究发现,与阴性对照组相比,Cs-Nio-Cli能显著减少脑部和眼部淋巴囊肿的数量(分别为97.59%和92.68%)。它还减轻了炎症变化,防止了细胞死亡,并减少了大脑中的血管袖口。此外,Cs-Nio-Cli 治疗减少了出血、胎盘血栓形成和胎盘中的炎症细胞浸润,同时通过减少视网膜皱褶和出血改善了眼组织健康。在免疫学方面,纳米林可霉素治疗可降低 TNF-α 细胞因子水平,提高 IL-10 水平,这表明抗炎反应得到了增强:尽管Cs-Nio-Cli有望减少先天性弓形虫病的传播并减轻先天性弓形虫病的影响,但仍有必要开展更多研究,以确定彻底根除胎儿体内寄生虫的最佳治疗方案。
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Enhanced clindamycin delivery using chitosan-coated niosomes to prevent Toxoplasma gondii strain VEG in pregnant mice: an experimental study.

Background: Congenital toxoplasmosis occurs when a pregnant woman becomes infected with Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) for the first time. Treatment typically involves antimicrobial medications, with spiramycin commonly used to prevent transmission. However, spiramycin's effectiveness is limited due to poor placental penetration. Clindamycin, another antibiotic, can cross the placenta but reaches the fetus at only half the maternal concentration. Encapsulating the drug in chitosan-coated niosomes (Cs-Nio) could enhance its effectiveness by targeting specific organs and ensuring sustained release. To address the challenges of using clindamycin, a niosome-coated chitosan system was investigated for treating congenital toxoplasmosis caused by the VEG strain of T. gondii in an animal model.

Methods: Pregnant mice were infected with VEG strain of T. gondii on the 12th day of pregnancy, followed by treatment with various drugs across six groups. The treatments included chitosan-coated niosomes loaded clindamycin (Cs-Nio-Cli) and other controls. Parasitological evaluations (microscopic examination and real-time PCR), along with histopathological and immunological assessments were conducted to assess treatment efficacy. Finally, statistical analysis was conducted using GraphPad Prism 8.0 and SPSS 26, comparing test and control groups with T test and Mann-Whitney test. A p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: The study found that treatment with Cs-Nio-Cli significantly reduced the number of T. gondii cysts in the brain and eyes (97.59% and 92.68%, respectively) compared to the negative control group. It also mitigated inflammatory changes, prevented cell death, and reduced vascular cuffs in the brain. In addition, Cs-Nio-Cli treatment decreased bleeding, placental thrombosis, and inflammatory cell infiltration in the placenta while improving eye tissue health by reducing retinal folds and bleeds. Immunologically, nanoclindamycin treatment resulted in lower TNF-α cytokine levels and higher IL-10 levels, indicating an enhanced anti-inflammatory response.

Conclusions: Although Cs-Nio-Cli demonstrates promise in reducing the transmission of congenital toxoplasmosis and mitigating the effects of congenital toxoplasmosis, additional research is necessary to determine the optimal treatment regimens for the complete eradication of the parasite in the fetus.

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来源期刊
Tropical Medicine and Health
Tropical Medicine and Health TROPICAL MEDICINE-
CiteScore
7.00
自引率
2.20%
发文量
90
审稿时长
11 weeks
期刊最新文献
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