学龄前儿童比成年人更不优先考虑人类而不是机器人:一项眼动追踪研究

IF 1.8 3区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Cognitive Development Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1016/j.cogdev.2024.101505
Ke Zhou , Min Chen , Hui Xu , Yi Cao , Zhiqiang Yan
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究调查了人们如何对人类和机器人做出道德判断,旨在了解这些道德选择背后的原因。我们利用眼动跟踪技术,对 36 名学龄前儿童和 36 名成年人在面对涉及人类和机器人的交通事故困境时的表现进行了研究。我们的研究结果显示了学龄前儿童和成年人之间的显著差异。与成人相比,学龄前儿童更倾向于做出功利性决策,认为牺牲人类来拯救机器人在道德上是可以接受的。眼动跟踪数据显示,学龄前儿童比成年人更关注人与机器人以及机器人与人之间的互动。我们的研究结果凸显了移情在道德判断中的作用。在控制移情的情况下,早期眼动追踪指标并不能显著预测道德判断。总体而言,我们的研究结果表明,学龄前儿童比成年人更看重人类而非机器人。此外,个体的道德偏好反映在他们的注意过程中,特别是在道德判断形成的早期阶段,移情在人们如何对人类和机器人进行道德判断方面起着至关重要的作用。
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Preschoolers prioritize humans over robots less than adults do: An eye-tracking study
This study investigates how people make moral judgments about humans and robots, aiming to understand the reasons behind these moral choices. Using eye tracking technology, we examined 36 preschoolers and 36 adults as they faced road-accident dilemmas involving humans and robots. Our findings reveal notable differences between preschoolers and adults. Preschoolers were more likely to make utilitarian decisions, considering sacrificing humans to save robots morally acceptable compared to adults. Eye tracking data showed that preschoolers focused longer on human-robot and robot-human interactions than adults did. Our results highlight the role of empathy in shaping moral judgments. When controlling for empathy, early eye tracking indicators did not significantly predict moral judgments. Overall, our findings indicate that preschoolers prioritize humans over robots less than adults do. Additionally, individuals' moral preferences are reflected in their attentional processes, particularly during the early stages of moral judgment formation, and empathy plays a crucial role in how people morally judge humans and robots.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.20
自引率
5.60%
发文量
114
期刊介绍: Cognitive Development contains the very best empirical and theoretical work on the development of perception, memory, language, concepts, thinking, problem solving, metacognition, and social cognition. Criteria for acceptance of articles will be: significance of the work to issues of current interest, substance of the argument, and clarity of expression. For purposes of publication in Cognitive Development, moral and social development will be considered part of cognitive development when they are related to the development of knowledge or thought processes.
期刊最新文献
From spontaneous focusing on numerosity to mathematics achievement: The mediating role of non-symbolic number processing and mapping between symbolic and non-symbolic representations of number Preschoolers prioritize humans over robots less than adults do: An eye-tracking study Sociolinguistic development in a diverse, multilinguistic environment: Evidence from multilingual children in Gujarat, India Attentional skills, developmental areas, and phonological awareness in children aged 5–6 years Attending to talker characteristics: Word learning and recognition in monolingually- and multilingually-raised infants
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