在东非大裂谷国家的结晶基底和火山岩地区利用地球物理方法调查地下水资源:综述

IF 2.2 4区 地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Journal of African Earth Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2024.105432
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引用次数: 0

摘要

东非大裂谷(EARV)的地质特征多种多样,包括结晶岩、火山岩和变质岩,构造活动形成了复杂的断层和断裂带。这些坚硬岩石中的断裂带是重要的地下水库,通常采用电阻率法进行勘探。EARV 周围的国家,如布隆迪、吉布提、刚果民主共和国、厄立特里亚、埃塞俄比亚、肯尼亚、马拉维、莫桑比克、卢旺达、坦桑尼亚、乌干达和赞比亚,都具有与裂谷系统相关的类似地质特征。在这些地区进行地下水调查,特别是使用地球电 阻率方法,对于了解地下地质、潜在含水层和结构特征至关重要,此外,还审查了这些 国家的水质和主要水源,并根据地下水调查的可用性和国家状况对 12 个国家进行了分类。审查结果表明,一些国家依赖集中在特定地区的风化和断裂基底含水层,而另一些国家则利用与各种地质环境相关的含水层和地表水作为替代水源,因为基底复合含水层的出水量有限。因此,将 12 个国家大致分为三类,并绘制了电阻率分布图,以直观地显示存在差距和局限性的研发工作现状,这与本综合综述基本一致。本研究的成果有助于今后的研究和可持续发展,为各国的电阻率分布趋势和水资源利用提供了信息,从而有望为有效利用该地区具有挑战性的结晶基底和火山岩环境中的地下水资源做出贡献。
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Groundwater resources investigation using geophysical method in crystalline basement and volcanic rock regions of countries belonging to the East African Rift Valley: A review
The East African Rift Valley (EARV) is characterized by diverse geology, including crystalline, volcanic, and metamorphic rocks, shaped by tectonic activity leading to complex faulting and fractured zones. These fractured zones in hard rock serve as crucial groundwater reservoirs, often explored using electric resistivity methods. Countries surrounding the EARV, such as Burundi, Djibouti, the DR Congo, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia, share similar geological features linked to the rift system. Groundwater investigation in these regions, particularly using geo-electric resistivity methods, is essential for understanding subsurface geology, potential aquifers, and structural features, additionally, water quality, and dominant water sources of these countries are reviewed to categorize twelve countries based on the availability of the groundwater investigations and country status. The review results highlight some countries rely on weathered and fractured basement aquifers concentrated in specific areas, while others utilize aquifers associated with various geological settings and surface water as alternative sources due to the limited yield from basement complex aquifers. Therefore, 12 countries were classified broadly into three types, and a resistivity distribution map was created to visually show the present status of research and development works of the existence of gaps and limitations, which is generally in line with this comprehensive review. The outcomes of this study are useful for future research and sustainable development by informing the resistivity distribution trend and water resource usage in each country, as a result, expecting to contribute to the effective utilization of groundwater resources in the challenging crystalline basement and volcanic rock environments of the region.
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来源期刊
Journal of African Earth Sciences
Journal of African Earth Sciences 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
4.30%
发文量
240
审稿时长
12 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of African Earth Sciences sees itself as the prime geological journal for all aspects of the Earth Sciences about the African plate. Papers dealing with peripheral areas are welcome if they demonstrate a tight link with Africa. The Journal publishes high quality, peer-reviewed scientific papers. It is devoted primarily to research papers but short communications relating to new developments of broad interest, reviews and book reviews will also be considered. Papers must have international appeal and should present work of more regional than local significance and dealing with well identified and justified scientific questions. Specialised technical papers, analytical or exploration reports must be avoided. Papers on applied geology should preferably be linked to such core disciplines and must be addressed to a more general geoscientific audience.
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