单桩支撑海上风力涡轮机在意外荷载作用下动态响应的半分析方法

IF 4.3 2区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, OCEAN Applied Ocean Research Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI:10.1016/j.apor.2024.104251
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引用次数: 0

摘要

海上风能正在引领可持续能源生产。海上风力涡轮机(OWT)的设计需要能够承受极限状态(ULS)和意外极限状态(ALS)下的极端或意外载荷,其中高阶特征模态可能变得非常重要。本文介绍了一种半分析方法,用于高效可靠地分析单桩支撑 OWT 在意外荷载作用下的动态响应。首先采用 Rayleigh-Ritz 解法确定单桩式单臂塔的高阶固有频率和特征模态,并明确考虑锥形塔和土桩相互作用。然后,根据意外荷载与结构之间的相互作用方案,如软接触荷载(如撞击、风)和硬接触荷载(如船舶碰撞、冰面冲击),计算 OWT 的动态响应。在软接触荷载条件下,荷载与水轮机响应无关,瞬态动态响应采用经典的模态叠加法计算。而对于硬接触加载条件,载荷作用取决于相互作用体的接触刚度和响应。因此开发了一种数值接触算法,并进行数值迭代以确保收敛。作为软接触和硬接触的应用实例,所提出的方法被应用于 DTU 10 MW 单桩支撑 OWT,该 OWT 分别受到极端水流冲击和船舶碰撞的影响。结果与使用 USFOS 进行的非线性有限元分析进行了验证,并就水轮机固有频率和特征模式、接触力和动态响应进行了讨论。针对船舶-OWT 碰撞进行了参数分析,通过改变船舶尺寸、接触刚度和初始撞击速度来探索不同的撞击情景。所提出的方法可作为事故载荷响应分析和单桩式水下风车设计的有效工具。
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A semi-analytical approach for dynamic responses of monopile-supported offshore wind turbines subjected to accidental loads
Offshore wind energy is leading the way in sustainable energy generation. Offshore wind turbines (OWTs) need to be designed to withstand extreme or accidental loads in Ultimate Limit States (ULS) and Accidental Limit States (ALS), whereby high order eigenmodes may become significant. This paper introduces a semi-analytical approach for efficient and reliable analysis of the dynamic responses of monopile-supported OWTs subjected to accidental loads. A Rayleigh-Ritz solution is initially adopted to determine the high-order natural frequencies and eigenmodes of monopile OWTs, explicitly considering tapered towers and soil-pile interactions. Dynamic responses of OWTs are then calculated depending on the interaction schemes between accidental loads and the structures, e.g. soft contact loads (e.g. slamming, wind) and hard contact loads (e.g. ship collisions, ice impact). For soft contact loading conditions, the loads are considered independent of turbine responses, and the transient dynamic response is computed using the classical modal superposition method. While for hard contact loading conditions, the load actions depend on the contact stiffnesses and responses of the interacting bodies. A numerical contact algorithm is thus developed, and numerical iterations are performed to ensure convergence. The proposed approach is applied to the DTU 10 MW monopile-supported OWT subjected to extreme water slamming and ship collisions, respectively as example applications of soft and hard contact scenarios. The results are verified against nonlinear finite element analysis using USFOS and discussed with respect to the turbine natural frequencies and eigenmodes, contact forces and dynamic responses. A parametric analysis is conducted for ship-OWT collisions, exploring different impact scenarios by varying ship sizes, contact stiffnesses, and initial impact velocities. The proposed approach can serve as a promising tool for accidental load response analysis and the design of monopile OWTs.
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来源期刊
Applied Ocean Research
Applied Ocean Research 地学-工程:大洋
CiteScore
8.70
自引率
7.00%
发文量
316
审稿时长
59 days
期刊介绍: The aim of Applied Ocean Research is to encourage the submission of papers that advance the state of knowledge in a range of topics relevant to ocean engineering.
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