社区代表与警务:对黑人平民的影响

IF 4.6 1区 社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Criminology Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI:10.1111/1745-9125.12376
Joseph Risi, Corina Graif
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引用次数: 0

摘要

黑人在警察队伍中的代表性增加是否会导致对黑人的治安管理力度降低?本研究使用了芝加哥的面板数据集,其中包含 2013 年至 2015 年间警察单位的月度观测数据,旨在了解:1)警察单位中黑人的代表性如何影响拦截黑人居民的次数;2)单个警察如何根据共事警察的种族/族裔背景采取不同的巡逻方式。通过使用固定效应负二项式回归,我们发现,随着时间的推移,警察与被巡逻社区之间种族一致性的增加与拦截黑人居民的次数减少有关。个体分析表明,黑人(相对于白人)警官拦截的黑人平民更少,在黑人警官比例较高的警察单位中,影响更大,这表明存在单位群体效应。此外,随着轮班中黑人警官同事人数的增加,包括白人警官在内的所有警官拦截黑人平民的次数都有所减少,这与积极的代表性是一致的。这些研究结果表明,一支更具多样性和代表性的警察队伍可以通过减轻群体威胁,在警察组织和较小的同侪群体中培养积极的跨种族交流,从而减少对少数族裔社区的侵略性警务。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Community representation and policing: Effects on Black civilians

Does increased representation of Black individuals in the police force lead to less aggressive policing of Black individuals? The current study uses a Chicago panel data set with monthly police unit observations between 2013 and 2015 to understand 1) how police units’ representation of Black individuals affects the number of stops of Black residents and 2) how individual police officers patrol differently depending on the racial/ethnic background of co-working officers. Using fixed-effects negative binomial regression, we found that increasing racial congruence between police officers and the community being patrolled was associated over time with fewer stops of Black residents. Individual analyses showed that Black (vs. White) officers stopped fewer Black civilians, with larger effects in police units with higher percentages of Black officers, indicating a unit group effect. Furthermore, as the number of Black officer co-workers in a shift increased, Black civilian stops declined for all officers, including White officers, which is consistent with active representation. These findings indicate that a more diverse and representative police force can reduce aggressive policing of minority communities by mitigating group threat and cultivating positive cross-racial exchanges within police organizations and smaller peer groups.

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来源期刊
Criminology
Criminology CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY-
CiteScore
8.10
自引率
6.90%
发文量
28
期刊介绍: Criminology is devoted to crime and deviant behavior. Disciplines covered in Criminology include: - sociology - psychology - design - systems analysis - decision theory Major emphasis is placed on empirical research and scientific methodology. Criminology"s content also includes articles which review the literature or deal with theoretical issues stated in the literature as well as suggestions for the types of investigation which might be carried out in the future.
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