饮食和新陈代谢对健康和疾病中肠干细胞的影响

IF 45.9 1区 医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI:10.1038/s41575-024-00980-7
Jessica E. S. Shay, Ömer H. Yilmaz
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引用次数: 0

摘要

饮食和营养代谢物通过改变组织的组成和功能,对健康和疾病产生了广泛的影响。随着肥胖率的迅速上升,人们对肥胖饮食如何影响组织稳态和肿瘤发生风险尤为关注;从流行病学角度看,这些饮食与包括结直肠癌在内的各种癌症呈正相关。胃肠道是一个高度特化、不断更新的组织,在营养摄取方面发挥着重要作用,反过来又受到饮食成分和宿主代谢状态的影响。肠干细胞存在于肠隐窝底部,可生成构成肠上皮的所有成熟细胞系,并受到宿主饮食、代谢副产物和能量动态的独特影响。同样,肿瘤的生长和新陈代谢也会受到营养供应和宿主饮食的影响。在这篇综述中,我们将讨论不同饮食和代谢变化如何影响肠道干细胞的平衡和病理状态以及肿瘤发生。我们还将讨论饮食变化和组成如何影响肠上皮细胞及其周围微环境。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Dietary and metabolic effects on intestinal stem cells in health and disease

Diet and nutritional metabolites exhibit wide-ranging effects on health and disease partly by altering tissue composition and function. With rapidly rising rates of obesity, there is particular interest in how obesogenic diets influence tissue homeostasis and risk of tumorigenesis; epidemiologically, these diets have a positive correlation with various cancers, including colorectal cancer. The gastrointestinal tract is a highly specialized, continuously renewing tissue with a fundamental role in nutrient uptake and is, in turn, influenced by diet composition and host metabolic state. Intestinal stem cells are found at the base of the intestinal crypt and can generate all mature lineages that comprise the intestinal epithelium and are uniquely influenced by host diet, metabolic by-products and energy dynamics. Similarly, tumour growth and metabolism can also be shaped by nutrient availability and host diet. In this Review, we discuss how different diets and metabolic changes influence intestinal stem cells in homeostatic and pathological conditions, as well as tumorigenesis. We also discuss how dietary changes and composition affect the intestinal epithelium and its surrounding microenvironment.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
52.30
自引率
0.60%
发文量
147
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology aims to serve as the leading resource for Reviews and commentaries within the scientific and medical communities it caters to. The journal strives to maintain authority, accessibility, and clarity in its published articles, which are complemented by easily understandable figures, tables, and other display items. Dedicated to providing exceptional service to authors, referees, and readers, the editorial team works diligently to maximize the usefulness and impact of each publication. The journal encompasses a wide range of content types, including Research Highlights, News & Views, Comments, Reviews, Perspectives, and Consensus Statements, all pertinent to gastroenterologists and hepatologists. With its broad scope, Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology ensures that its articles reach a diverse audience, aiming for the widest possible dissemination of valuable information. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology is part of the Nature Reviews portfolio of journals.
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