饮食习惯与遗传易感性:营养摄入与精神分裂症和躁狂症遗传风险之间的相关性。

IF 5.8 1区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Translational Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI:10.1038/s41398-024-03105-5
Kazutaka Ohi, Daisuke Nishizawa, Taiga Saito, Taichi Goto, Itsuki Kubota, Tomoya Shinoda, Daisuke Fujikane, Junko Hasegawa, Naomi Sato, Fumihiko Tanioka, Haruhiko Sugimura, Kazutaka Ikeda, Toshiki Shioiri
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引用次数: 0

摘要

饮食习惯可能会影响精神分裂症(SCZ)和双相情感障碍(BD)的预防和管理,而遗传和环境因素会影响这些习惯和这些疾病。本研究调查了精神分裂症和双相情感障碍的遗传倾向对患有生活方式相关疾病的老年人当前饮食习惯的影响,从而为精神健康预防策略提供潜在的启示。研究人员对 730 名确诊或疑似患有生活方式相关疾病的老年患者进行了当前饮食习惯的八项评估:味噌汤、日本茶、绿色和黄色蔬菜、浅色蔬菜、水果、腌菜、肉类和大豆。利用大规模全基因组关联研究(GWAS)的数据,计算了SCZ和BD(包括BD I型和II型)的多基因风险评分(PRSs)、SCZ和BD的共同风险以及SCZ与BD的区别。我们的研究结果表明,SCZ 和 BD 风险的 PRSs 显著影响特定的饮食习惯,尤其是减少食用富含营养的食物,如浅色蔬菜(SCZ,R2 = 0.0096,p = 3.54 × 10-3;BD,R2 = 0.0074,p = 9.09 × 10-3)和大豆(SCZ,R2 = 0.0061,p = 0.019;BD,R2 = 0.014,p = 8.38 × 10-4)。在 BD I 和 BD II 的 PRS 之间观察到饮食影响的显著差异,BD I 的影响更为明显(如浅色蔬菜,BD I,R2 = 0.015,p = 3.11 × 10-4;BD II,p > 0.05)。此外,SCZ 和 BD 的共同遗传因子与味噌汤(R2 = 0.013,p = 1.21 × 10-3)、日本茶(R2 = 0.0092,p = 5.59 × 10-3)、浅色蔬菜(R2 = 0.010,p = 2.92 × 10-3)和大豆(R2 = 0.014,p = 3.13 × 10-4)的较低摄入量相关。区分 SCZ 和 BD 的 PRS 与任何饮食模式之间均未发现明显的相关性(p > 6.25 × 10-3)。SCZ和BD患者共有的遗传风险可能会影响老年人的饮食选择,这强调了饮食调整作为预防SCZ和BD发病的综合策略的一部分,以及治疗有SCZ和BD风险或确诊为SCZ和BD的患者的潜力。
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Dietary habits and genetic susceptibility: correlations between nutritional intake and genetic risks for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

Dietary habits may impact the prevention and management of schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD), and genetic and environmental factors can influence both these habits and these disorders. This study investigated the effects of genetic predispositions to SCZ and BD on current dietary habits among older adults with lifestyle-related diseases, potentially offering insights for preventive mental health strategies. A cohort of 730 older patients who were diagnosed with or suspected of having lifestyle-related diseases was assessed for eight current dietary categories: miso soup, Japanese tea, green and yellow vegetables, light-colored vegetables, fruits, pickles, meats, and soybeans. Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for the risk of SCZ and BD, including BD types I and II, the shared risk of SCZ and BD, and the differentiation of SCZ from BD, were calculated utilizing data from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWASs). Our findings revealed that PRSs for SCZ and BD risk significantly influenced specific dietary habits, particularly decreased consumption of nutrient-rich foods such as light-colored vegetables (SCZ, R2 = 0.0096, p = 3.54 × 10-3; BD, R2 = 0.0074, p = 9.09 × 10-3) and soybeans (SCZ, R2 = 0.0061, p = 0.019; BD, R2 = 0.014, p = 8.38 × 10-4). Notable differences in dietary effects were observed between PRSs for BD I and BD II, with a more pronounced impact associated with BD I (e.g., light-colored vegetables, BD I, R2 = 0.015, p = 3.11 × 10-4; BD II, p > 0.05). Moreover, shared genetic factors for SCZ and BD were correlated with lower intakes of miso soup (R2 = 0.013, p = 1.21 × 10-3), Japanese tea (R2 = 0.0092, p = 5.59 × 10-3), light-colored vegetables (R2 = 0.010, p = 2.92 × 10-3), and soybeans (R2 = 0.014, p = 3.13 × 10-4). No significant correlations were found between PRSs for differentiating SCZ from BD and any dietary patterns (p > 6.25 × 10-3). Genetic risks shared by individuals with SCZ and BD may influence dietary choices in older adults, emphasizing the potential for dietary modifications as part of comprehensive strategies for the prevention of the SCZ and BD onset, as well as for the treatment of individuals at risk of or diagnosed with SCZ and BD.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
11.50
自引率
2.90%
发文量
484
审稿时长
23 weeks
期刊介绍: Psychiatry has suffered tremendously by the limited translational pipeline. Nobel laureate Julius Axelrod''s discovery in 1961 of monoamine reuptake by pre-synaptic neurons still forms the basis of contemporary antidepressant treatment. There is a grievous gap between the explosion of knowledge in neuroscience and conceptually novel treatments for our patients. Translational Psychiatry bridges this gap by fostering and highlighting the pathway from discovery to clinical applications, healthcare and global health. We view translation broadly as the full spectrum of work that marks the pathway from discovery to global health, inclusive. The steps of translation that are within the scope of Translational Psychiatry include (i) fundamental discovery, (ii) bench to bedside, (iii) bedside to clinical applications (clinical trials), (iv) translation to policy and health care guidelines, (v) assessment of health policy and usage, and (vi) global health. All areas of medical research, including — but not restricted to — molecular biology, genetics, pharmacology, imaging and epidemiology are welcome as they contribute to enhance the field of translational psychiatry.
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