{"title":"口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗运动对总体健康的影响:几内亚比绍农村地区的分组随机试验。","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106302","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To investigate in a cluster-randomised trial whether a campaign with oral polio vaccine (C-OPV) reduced mortality and morbidity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We randomised 222 village clusters under demographic surveillance to an intervention (health check and C-OPV) or control group (health check only). Children aged 0–8 months were eligible. In Cox proportional hazards models with age as the underlying timescale, we compared rates of non-accidental mortality/hospital admission (composite primary outcome) during 12 months of follow-up. Secondary analyses considered non-accidental admission and mortality as separate outcomes. Potential effect modifiers identified in prior studies including sex, season, and timing of the first routine OPV dose (OPV0, scheduled at birth) were assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 10,175 children (5288 in 111 intervention clusters/4887 in 111 control clusters), we observed 265 deaths/admissions during 7616 person-years at risk (intervention: 129; control: 136). C-OPV did not reduce the composite endpoint, hazard ratio (HR): 0.87, 95%CI: 0.68–1.12 or its separate components. C-OPV reduced the risk in children receiving OPV0<15 days of birth (HR=0.66, 95%CI: 0.46–0.95), but not in other children (p for interaction: 0.03). Interactions for other potential effect modifiers were not statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>C-OPV had no overall effect on mortality/admissions, but the effect differed by early priming with OPV0.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Effect of a campaign with oral polio vaccine on general health: A cluster-randomised trial in rural Guinea-Bissau\",\"authors\":\"\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106302\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To investigate in a cluster-randomised trial whether a campaign with oral polio vaccine (C-OPV) reduced mortality and morbidity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We randomised 222 village clusters under demographic surveillance to an intervention (health check and C-OPV) or control group (health check only). Children aged 0–8 months were eligible. In Cox proportional hazards models with age as the underlying timescale, we compared rates of non-accidental mortality/hospital admission (composite primary outcome) during 12 months of follow-up. Secondary analyses considered non-accidental admission and mortality as separate outcomes. Potential effect modifiers identified in prior studies including sex, season, and timing of the first routine OPV dose (OPV0, scheduled at birth) were assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 10,175 children (5288 in 111 intervention clusters/4887 in 111 control clusters), we observed 265 deaths/admissions during 7616 person-years at risk (intervention: 129; control: 136). C-OPV did not reduce the composite endpoint, hazard ratio (HR): 0.87, 95%CI: 0.68–1.12 or its separate components. C-OPV reduced the risk in children receiving OPV0<15 days of birth (HR=0.66, 95%CI: 0.46–0.95), but not in other children (p for interaction: 0.03). Interactions for other potential effect modifiers were not statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>C-OPV had no overall effect on mortality/admissions, but the effect differed by early priming with OPV0.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":50180,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Infection\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":14.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-09-30\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Infection\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163445324002366\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"INFECTIOUS DISEASES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Infection","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163445324002366","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"INFECTIOUS DISEASES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Effect of a campaign with oral polio vaccine on general health: A cluster-randomised trial in rural Guinea-Bissau
Objectives
To investigate in a cluster-randomised trial whether a campaign with oral polio vaccine (C-OPV) reduced mortality and morbidity.
Methods
We randomised 222 village clusters under demographic surveillance to an intervention (health check and C-OPV) or control group (health check only). Children aged 0–8 months were eligible. In Cox proportional hazards models with age as the underlying timescale, we compared rates of non-accidental mortality/hospital admission (composite primary outcome) during 12 months of follow-up. Secondary analyses considered non-accidental admission and mortality as separate outcomes. Potential effect modifiers identified in prior studies including sex, season, and timing of the first routine OPV dose (OPV0, scheduled at birth) were assessed.
Results
Among 10,175 children (5288 in 111 intervention clusters/4887 in 111 control clusters), we observed 265 deaths/admissions during 7616 person-years at risk (intervention: 129; control: 136). C-OPV did not reduce the composite endpoint, hazard ratio (HR): 0.87, 95%CI: 0.68–1.12 or its separate components. C-OPV reduced the risk in children receiving OPV0<15 days of birth (HR=0.66, 95%CI: 0.46–0.95), but not in other children (p for interaction: 0.03). Interactions for other potential effect modifiers were not statistically significant.
Conclusions
C-OPV had no overall effect on mortality/admissions, but the effect differed by early priming with OPV0.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Infection publishes original papers on all aspects of infection - clinical, microbiological and epidemiological. The Journal seeks to bring together knowledge from all specialties involved in infection research and clinical practice, and present the best work in the ever-changing field of infection.
Each issue brings you Editorials that describe current or controversial topics of interest, high quality Reviews to keep you in touch with the latest developments in specific fields of interest, an Epidemiology section reporting studies in the hospital and the general community, and a lively correspondence section.