Confinement strategies for the design of efficient heterogeneous Fenton-like catalysts: From nano-space to atomic scale

In this paper, we review the different confinement strategies of heterogeneous Fenton-like catalysts based on their important roles in catalyst design. Confinement effects can effectively promote the mass transfer ability and interference resistance of heterogeneous Fenton-like reaction processes, and modify the electronic state of the active site to enhance the Fenton-like reaction activity. In this paper, from the different confinement dimensions of the active center (including 3D, 2D, 1D and 0D), we review the effects of confinement strategies on the Fenton-like catalytic reaction in different dimensions. The influence of the morphology and type of confinement substrates on space-confined heterogeneous Fenton-like catalysts, as well as strategies for coordination modification of single-atom active sites on heterogeneous Fenton-like catalysts are described. Finally, we summarize and look forward to the challenges that still exist in the design of confinement strategies and future developing directions for heterogeneous Fenton-like catalysts.