中国武汉 COVID-19 疫情背景下季节性甲型流感病毒的分子流行病学和疫苗兼容性分析。

IF 6.8 3区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY Journal of Medical Virology Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI:10.1002/jmv.29858
Zhikun Zeng, Lanxin Jia, Jiahao Zheng, Xuanxuan Nian, Zhegang Zhang, Liangjun Chen, Xiaoqi Chen, Yirong Li, Jiayou Zhang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

COVID-19 大流行对全球流感疫苗接种和季节性流感的流行产生了重大影响。为了进一步探索流感病毒的分子流行病学并评估疫苗的有效性,我们在 2022-2023 年流感季节期间在武汉收集了流感病例。在 1312 份临床样本中,有 312 份样本通过反转录聚合酶链反应检测出流感病毒阳性。这些阳性样本包括146个A/H1N1亚型(46.8%)、164个A/H3N2亚型(52.6%)和2个乙型流感病毒型(0.6%)。根据本研究获得的 27A/H1N1 流感病毒株和 26A/H3N2 流感病毒株的血凝素(HA)和神经氨酸酶(NA)的全基因组序列信息,进行了系统进化分析。分析结果显示,所有 A/H1N1 株系都属于进化分支 6B.1A.5a.2a,它们在 K71Q、Q206E、E241A 和 R276K 位点出现了特异性取代。同样,所有 A/H3N2 菌株都被归入 3C.2a1b.2a.1a 亚支系,并在 S172H、N175Y、I176T、K187N 和 S214P 位点出现了氨基酸替代。值得注意的是,A/H3N2 株系还在 N174 位获得了一个新的潜在糖基化位点。利用表位模型评估了 A/H1N1 和 A/H3N2 株的预测疫苗效果。针对武汉流感流行株,A/H1N1 疫苗株的预测效力超过 85%。然而,A/H3N2 疫苗株的有效率仅为 48.7%。为进一步验证流感疫苗对该地区流行流感病毒的保护作用,我们进行了体内和体外动物实验。体外中和实验结果表明,接种四价分离型流感疫苗的兔血清抗体对所有 24 种分离型流感病毒均具有中和能力。体内实验表明,接种疫苗的小鼠在感染武汉地区流行的流感病毒株时,肺部病变较少,表明接种疫苗可有效减少严重肺损伤的发生。这些发现强调了准确预测季节性流感病毒株对有效防控流感的重要性,尤其是在 SARS-CoV-2 和流感病毒共同流行期间。本研究提供了 COVID-19 大流行期间武汉地区季节性流感病毒的宝贵信息,为疫苗预测和更新提供了依据。
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Molecular epidemiology and vaccine compatibility analysis of seasonal influenza A viruses in the context of COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan, China

The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the global influenza vaccination and the epidemics of seasonal influenza. To further explore the molecular epidemiology of influenza viruses and assess vaccine effectiveness, we collected influenza cases in Wuhan during the 2022–2023 influenza season. Among 1312 clinical samples, 312 samples tested positive for influenza viruses using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. These positive samples included 146A/H1N1 subtypes (46.8%), 164A/H3N2 subtypes (52.6%) and 2 influenza B virus types (0.6%). Based on the whole genome sequence information of hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) from 27A/H1N1 influenza virus strains and 26A/H3N2 influenza virus strains obtained in this study, a phylogenetic analysis was conducted. The analysis revealed that all A/H1N1 strains belonged to the evolutionary branch 6B.1A.5a.2a, and they exhibited specific substitutions at positions K71Q, Q206E, E241A, and R276K. Similarly, all A/H3N2 strains were classified into the 3C.2a1b.2a.1a subclade and displayed amino acid substitutions at positions S172H, N175Y, I176T, K187N, and S214P. Notably, the A/H3N2 strains also acquired a new potential glycosylation site at position N174. Using an epitope model, the predicted vaccine effectiveness was assessed for the A/H1N1 and A/H3N2 strains. The predicted vaccine effectiveness against the Wuhan influenza epidemic strain was over 85% for the A/H1N1 vaccine strain. However, the effectiveness against the A/H3N2 vaccine strain was only 48.7%. To further verify the protection of influenza vaccine against circulating influenza viruses in the region, we conducted in vivo and in vitro animal studies. The results of in vitro neutralization experiment showed that rabbit serum antibodies inoculated with quadrivalent isolated influenza vaccine had neutralization ability against all 24 isolated influenza viruses. In vivo experiments showed that vaccinated mice had fewer lung lesions when infected with the influenza strain circulating in Wuhan, suggesting that vaccination can effectively reduce the occurrence of severe lung damage. These findings emphasize the importance of accurately predicting seasonal influenza strains for effective influenza prevention and control, especially during the co-circulation of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses. This study provides valuable information on the seasonal influenza virus in Wuhan during the COVID-19 pandemic and serves as a basis for vaccine prediction and updates.

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来源期刊
Journal of Medical Virology
Journal of Medical Virology 医学-病毒学
CiteScore
23.20
自引率
2.40%
发文量
777
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Medical Virology focuses on publishing original scientific papers on both basic and applied research related to viruses that affect humans. The journal publishes reports covering a wide range of topics, including the characterization, diagnosis, epidemiology, immunology, and pathogenesis of human virus infections. It also includes studies on virus morphology, genetics, replication, and interactions with host cells. The intended readership of the journal includes virologists, microbiologists, immunologists, infectious disease specialists, diagnostic laboratory technologists, epidemiologists, hematologists, and cell biologists. The Journal of Medical Virology is indexed and abstracted in various databases, including Abstracts in Anthropology (Sage), CABI, AgBiotech News & Information, National Agricultural Library, Biological Abstracts, Embase, Global Health, Web of Science, Veterinary Bulletin, and others.
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