{"title":"探索肠道微生物组在自身免疫性疾病中的作用:综述。","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103654","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the industrialized society advances, there has been a gradual increase in the prevalence of autoimmune disorders. A probe into the fundamental causes has disclosed several factors in modern society that have an influence on the gut microbiome. These dramatic shifts in the gut microbiome are likely to be one of the reasons for the disarray in the immune system, and the relationship between the immune system and the gut microbiome emerging as a perennial hot topic of research. This review enumerates the findings from sequencing studies of gut microbiota on seven autoimmune diseases (ADs): Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), Systemic Sclerosis (SSc), Sjögren's Syndrome (SjS), Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA), and Behçet's Disease (BD). It aims to identify commonalities in changes in the gut microbiome within the autoimmune disease cohort and characteristics specific to each disease. The dysregulation of the gut microbiome involves a disruption of the internal balance and the balance between the external environment and the host. This dysregulation impacts the host's immune system, potentially playing a role in the development of ADs. Damage to the gut epithelial barrier allows potential pathogens to translocate to the mucosal layer, contacting epithelial cells, disrupting tight junctions, and being recognized by antigen-presenting cells, which triggers an immune response. Primed T-cells assist B-cells in producing antibodies against pathogens; if antigen mimicry occurs, an immune response is generated in extraintestinal organs during immune cell circulation, clinically manifesting as ADs. However, current research is limited; advancements in sequencing technology, large-scale cohort studies, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) research are expected to propel this field to new peaks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8664,"journal":{"name":"Autoimmunity reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Exploring the role of gut microbiome in autoimmune diseases: A comprehensive review\",\"authors\":\"\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103654\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>As the industrialized society advances, there has been a gradual increase in the prevalence of autoimmune disorders. A probe into the fundamental causes has disclosed several factors in modern society that have an influence on the gut microbiome. These dramatic shifts in the gut microbiome are likely to be one of the reasons for the disarray in the immune system, and the relationship between the immune system and the gut microbiome emerging as a perennial hot topic of research. This review enumerates the findings from sequencing studies of gut microbiota on seven autoimmune diseases (ADs): Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), Systemic Sclerosis (SSc), Sjögren's Syndrome (SjS), Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA), and Behçet's Disease (BD). It aims to identify commonalities in changes in the gut microbiome within the autoimmune disease cohort and characteristics specific to each disease. The dysregulation of the gut microbiome involves a disruption of the internal balance and the balance between the external environment and the host. This dysregulation impacts the host's immune system, potentially playing a role in the development of ADs. Damage to the gut epithelial barrier allows potential pathogens to translocate to the mucosal layer, contacting epithelial cells, disrupting tight junctions, and being recognized by antigen-presenting cells, which triggers an immune response. Primed T-cells assist B-cells in producing antibodies against pathogens; if antigen mimicry occurs, an immune response is generated in extraintestinal organs during immune cell circulation, clinically manifesting as ADs. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
随着工业化社会的发展,自身免疫性疾病的发病率逐渐上升。对其根本原因的调查显示,现代社会中有几个因素对肠道微生物组产生了影响。肠道微生物组的这些剧烈变化很可能是导致免疫系统混乱的原因之一,而免疫系统与肠道微生物组之间的关系也成为一个长期的研究热点。本综述列举了有关七种自身免疫性疾病(ADs)的肠道微生物群测序研究结果:类风湿关节炎(RA)、系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)、强直性脊柱炎(AS)、系统性硬化症(SSc)、斯约格伦综合征(SjS)、幼年特发性关节炎(JIA)和白塞氏病(BD)。该研究旨在确定自身免疫性疾病队列中肠道微生物组变化的共性以及每种疾病的特性。肠道微生物组的失调会破坏内部平衡以及外部环境与宿主之间的平衡。这种失调会影响宿主的免疫系统,有可能导致急性肠道疾病的发生。肠道上皮屏障受损会使潜在病原体转移到粘膜层,接触上皮细胞,破坏紧密连接,并被抗原递呈细胞识别,从而引发免疫反应。被激活的 T 细胞协助 B 细胞产生针对病原体的抗体;如果发生抗原模仿,则在免疫细胞循环过程中,肠外器官会产生免疫反应,在临床上表现为 ADs。然而,目前的研究还很有限;测序技术、大规模队列研究和粪便微生物群移植(FMT)研究的进步有望将这一领域推向新的高峰。
Exploring the role of gut microbiome in autoimmune diseases: A comprehensive review
As the industrialized society advances, there has been a gradual increase in the prevalence of autoimmune disorders. A probe into the fundamental causes has disclosed several factors in modern society that have an influence on the gut microbiome. These dramatic shifts in the gut microbiome are likely to be one of the reasons for the disarray in the immune system, and the relationship between the immune system and the gut microbiome emerging as a perennial hot topic of research. This review enumerates the findings from sequencing studies of gut microbiota on seven autoimmune diseases (ADs): Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), Systemic Sclerosis (SSc), Sjögren's Syndrome (SjS), Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA), and Behçet's Disease (BD). It aims to identify commonalities in changes in the gut microbiome within the autoimmune disease cohort and characteristics specific to each disease. The dysregulation of the gut microbiome involves a disruption of the internal balance and the balance between the external environment and the host. This dysregulation impacts the host's immune system, potentially playing a role in the development of ADs. Damage to the gut epithelial barrier allows potential pathogens to translocate to the mucosal layer, contacting epithelial cells, disrupting tight junctions, and being recognized by antigen-presenting cells, which triggers an immune response. Primed T-cells assist B-cells in producing antibodies against pathogens; if antigen mimicry occurs, an immune response is generated in extraintestinal organs during immune cell circulation, clinically manifesting as ADs. However, current research is limited; advancements in sequencing technology, large-scale cohort studies, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) research are expected to propel this field to new peaks.
期刊介绍:
Autoimmunity Reviews is a publication that features up-to-date, structured reviews on various topics in the field of autoimmunity. These reviews are written by renowned experts and include demonstrative illustrations and tables. Each article will have a clear "take-home" message for readers.
The selection of articles is primarily done by the Editors-in-Chief, based on recommendations from the international Editorial Board. The topics covered in the articles span all areas of autoimmunology, aiming to bridge the gap between basic and clinical sciences.
In terms of content, the contributions in basic sciences delve into the pathophysiology and mechanisms of autoimmune disorders, as well as genomics and proteomics. On the other hand, clinical contributions focus on diseases related to autoimmunity, novel therapies, and clinical associations.
Autoimmunity Reviews is internationally recognized, and its articles are indexed and abstracted in prestigious databases such as PubMed/Medline, Science Citation Index Expanded, Biosciences Information Services, and Chemical Abstracts.