Zofia M Chrzanowska-Lightowlers, Robert N Lightowlers
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引用次数: 0
摘要
绝大多数利用氧气的真核生物需要表达自己的线粒体基因组(mtDNA)才能生存。与核基因组的大小相比,线粒体 DNA 微乎其微,即使在最特殊的例子中也是如此。由于线粒体 DNA 是在内共生过程中从细菌进化而来的,因此人们可能认为线粒体 DNA 的表达过程会相对简单。本短文旨在说明这一假设是多么错误。不同物种的线粒体 RNA 功能的产生是朝着多个方向进化的。细胞器使用一系列令人眼花缭乱的 RNA 处理、修饰、编辑、剪接和成熟过程,这些过程在很大程度上需要从细胞质中输入核编码的蛋白质。这些过程有时受线粒体基因组不寻常行为的驱动,而 RNA 最初就是由线粒体基因组转录而来的,但在许多例子中,细胞器中产生功能性 RNA 所必需的复杂过程令人着迷和困惑。
The vast majority of oxygen-utilizing eukaryotes need to express their own mitochondrial genome, mtDNA, to survive. In comparison to size of their nuclear genome, mtDNA is minimal, even in the most exceptional examples. Having evolved from bacteria in an endosymbiotic event, it might be expected that the process of mtDNA expression would be relatively simple. The aim of this short review is to illustrate just how wrong this assumption is. The production of functional mitochondrial RNA across species evolved in many directions. Organelles use a dizzying array of RNA processing, modifying, editing, splicing and maturation events that largely require the import of nuclear-encoded proteins from the cytosol. These processes are sometimes driven by the unusual behaviour of the mitochondrial genome from which the RNA is originally transcribed, but in many examples the complex processes that are essential for the production of functional RNA in the organelle, are fascinating and bewildering.
期刊介绍:
RNA has played a central role in all cellular processes since the beginning of life: decoding the genome, regulating gene expression, mediating molecular interactions, catalyzing chemical reactions. RNA Biology, as a leading journal in the field, provides a platform for presenting and discussing cutting-edge RNA research.
RNA Biology brings together a multidisciplinary community of scientists working in the areas of:
Transcription and splicing
Post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression
Non-coding RNAs
RNA localization
Translation and catalysis by RNA
Structural biology
Bioinformatics
RNA in disease and therapy