宿主品种对商品猪肠道微生物组和粪便代谢组的影响

IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES BMC Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI:10.1186/s12917-024-04308-0
Sui Liufu, Kaiming Wang, Bohe Chen, Wenwu Chen, Xiaolin Liu, Sheng Wen, Xintong Li, Dong Xu, Haiming Ma
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:肠道微生物组成及其代谢物对家畜的生产性能至关重要。尸检生物样本中的代谢物图谱提供了有关影响家畜整体健康和生产性状的基本机制的重要信息。然而,宿主品种在商品猪肠道微生物组和粪便代谢组中的作用仍不清楚。在这项工作中,通过 16S rRNA 基因测序测定了杜洛克、约克夏和兰德瑞斯三个商品猪品种之间微生物群组成的差异。利用非靶向代谢组学检测了这三个猪种的粪便代谢物组成:结果:三种猪的肠道微生物组存在明显差异,表明宿主品种会影响肠道微生物群的多样性和结构。在不同的分类水平上发现了几种与品种相关的微生物。值得注意的是,大多数微生物类群都被注释为乳酸菌科(Lactobacillacea)、栗杆菌科(Muribaculaceae)和鞘翅目(Oscillospiraceae)。一些细菌,包括乳酸杆菌、Subdoligranulum、Faecalibacterium、Oscillospira、Oscillospiraceae_UCG-002 和 Christensenellaceae_R-7_group,可被视为改善商品猪背膘厚度(BF)的生物标志物。此外,对肠道微生物群的 KEGG 分析进一步表明,精氨酸生物合成、丙酮酸代谢和脂肪酸生物合成在不同猪种之间存在很大差异。多种肠道细菌代谢物(如亚精胺、雌二醇和棕榈酸)被确定为与品种相关。中介分析最终揭示了肠道微生物群、代谢物和BF厚度之间的相互关系,这表明本研究中确定的微生物和代谢生物标记物可用作改善BF表型的生物标记物:这项工作为了解猪种对商品猪肠道微生物群和代谢物组成的影响提供了重要依据,并发现了对猪种改良具有重要意义的潜在生物标志物。
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Effect of host breeds on gut microbiome and fecal metabolome in commercial pigs.

Background: Gut microbial composition and its metabolites are crucial for livestock production performance. Metabolite profiles from autopsied biospecimens provide vital information on the basic mechanisms that affect the overall health and production traits in livestock animals. However, the role of the host breed in the gut microbiome and fecal metabolome of commercial pigs remains unclear. In this work, differences in microbiota composition among three commercial pig breeds Duroc, Yorkshire, and Landrace were measured by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Fecal metabolite compositions of the three pig breeds were detected using untargeted metabolomics.

Results: There were significant differences in the gut microbiomes of the three species, indicating that host breed affects the diversity and structure of gut microbiota. Several breed-associated microorganisms were identified at different taxonomic levels. Notely, most microbial taxa were annotated as Lactobacillacea, Muribaculaceae, and Oscillospiraceae. Several bacteria, including Lactobacillus, Subdoligranulum, Faecalibacterium, Oscillospira, Oscillospiraceae_UCG-002, and Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, could be considered as biomarkers for improving the backfat thickness (BF) for commercial pigs. Additionally, KEGG analysis of gut microbiota further revealed that arginine biosynthesis, pyruvate metabolism, and fatty acid biosynthesis varied greatly among pig breeds. Multiple gut bacterial metabolites (e.g., spermidine, estradiol, and palmitic acid) were identified as breed-associated. Mediation analysis ultimately revealed the cross-talk among gut microbiota, metabolites, and BF thickness, proclaiming that the microbial and metabolic biomarkers identified in this study could be used as biomarkers for improving BF phenotype.

Conclusions: This work provides vital insights into breed effects on gut microbiota and metabolite compositions of commercial pigs and uncovers potential biomarkers that are significant for pig breed improvement.

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来源期刊
BMC Veterinary Research
BMC Veterinary Research VETERINARY SCIENCES-
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
3.80%
发文量
420
审稿时长
3-6 weeks
期刊介绍: BMC Veterinary Research is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of veterinary science and medicine, including the epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of medical conditions of domestic, companion, farm and wild animals, as well as the biomedical processes that underlie their health.
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