土地使用变化和海拔高度对生物多样性热点地区特有灌木蛙的影响

IF 10.8 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Global Change Biology Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI:10.1111/acv.12991
H. Lad, N. Gosavi, V. Jithin, R. Naniwadekar
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引用次数: 0

摘要

农林业通常被作为一种可持续农业做法加以推广,目前正在迅速扩张,但往往以热带原始森林为代价。虽然农林业对两栖动物的多样性有负面影响,但其对种群数量、微生境、使用和身体状况的影响却相对研究不足。这些信息对于确定和推广对两栖动物友好的土地利用方式至关重要。我们比较了西高止山脉生物多样性热点地区北部(1)海拔(低海拔和高海拔森林)和(2)土地利用类别(腰果林、橡胶林和低海拔森林)的两种灌木蛙(Pseudophilautus amboli 和 Raorchestes bombayensis)的栖息地、种群密度、微生境利用和身体状况。通过距离取样,我们证明了两种灌木蛙的丰度在不同海拔类别中存在差异,P. amboli在低海拔森林中更为常见,而R. bombayensis在高海拔森林中更为普遍。这两种蛙的性别比例极不均衡,雄性偏多,100只雄蛙对应3只雌蛙。与低海拔森林相比,P. amboli在腰果种植园中的密度较低,繁殖能力较差,对微生境的利用也有所改变。虽然橡胶园中的成年雄性安波利蝇密度与低海拔森林中的密度相似,但它们对微生境的利用发生了改变,体型也比森林中的小,这表明它们的身体状况很差。我们证明了农林类型对灌木蛙的不同影响。我们还证明,距离取样是监测灌木蛙种群的有用工具,灌木蛙占西高止山脉无脊椎动物多样性的近 25%。有必要找出导致性别比例极度失衡的原因,因为性别比例失衡会使这些物种容易发生种群崩溃。鉴于这两个重点物种最近已被降级为 "极度关注"(Least Concern)物种,考虑到它们的零星分布、快速扩张的农林种植园带来的负面影响以及极度倾斜的性别比例,我们主张将它们至少上调至 "近危"(Near Threatened)物种。
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Effects of land-use change and elevation on endemic shrub frogs in a biodiversity hotspot
Agroforestry, often promoted as a sustainable agriculture practice, is rapidly expanding, often at the cost of primary tropical forests. While agroforestry negatively impacts amphibian diversity, its effects on population demography, microhabitat, use and body condition are relatively understudied. This information is crucial for determining and promoting amphibian-friendly land-use practices. We compared habitats, population densities, microhabitat use and body condition of two endemic species of shrub frogs (Pseudophilautus amboli and Raorchestes bombayensis) across (1) elevations (low- and high-elevation forests) and (2) land-use categories (cashew, rubber and low-elevation forests) in the northern part of the Western Ghats Biodiversity Hotspot. Using distance sampling, we demonstrated that the abundances of the two shrub frog species differed across elevation categories, with P. amboli more common in low-elevation forests and R. bombayensis more prevalent in high-elevation forests. Both species of frogs exhibited extremely skewed, male-biased sex ratios, with three females for 100 males. P. amboli had lower densities and poor recruitment and exhibited altered microhabitat use in cashew plantations compared to low-elevation forests. Although adult male P. amboli densities in rubber were similar to those in low-elevation forests, they exhibited altered microhabitat use and smaller body sizes than in forests, indicating poor body condition. We demonstrate the differential impacts of agroforestry types on shrub frogs. We also demonstrate that distance sampling can be a useful tool for population monitoring of shrub frogs, which comprise almost 25% of the anuran diversity in the Western Ghats. There is a need to identify the drivers of extremely skewed sex ratios, which make these species vulnerable to population crashes. Given the recent downlisting of the two focal species to Least Concern, we advocate for their uplisting to at least Near Threatened status considering their patchy distribution, negative impacts of rapidly expanding agroforestry plantations and extremely skewed sex ratios.
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来源期刊
Global Change Biology
Global Change Biology 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
21.50
自引率
5.20%
发文量
497
审稿时长
3.3 months
期刊介绍: Global Change Biology is an environmental change journal committed to shaping the future and addressing the world's most pressing challenges, including sustainability, climate change, environmental protection, food and water safety, and global health. Dedicated to fostering a profound understanding of the impacts of global change on biological systems and offering innovative solutions, the journal publishes a diverse range of content, including primary research articles, technical advances, research reviews, reports, opinions, perspectives, commentaries, and letters. Starting with the 2024 volume, Global Change Biology will transition to an online-only format, enhancing accessibility and contributing to the evolution of scholarly communication.
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