Muhammad Farooq, Suphia Rafique, Noreen Zahra, Abdul Rehman, Kadambot H. M. Siddique
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引用次数: 0
摘要
谷类作物在全球不同地区种植,面临着众多环境挑战,其中盐分对其生长和产量构成了重大威胁。植物通过各种形态和生理机制对盐分胁迫(SS)做出反应。值得注意的是,根系结构(RSA)已成为帮助养分吸收和确保有效供水的关键因素,重塑了植物的反应,尤其是在盐碱胁迫下。然而,与地上部分相比,对不同作物的根系结构和生长模式进行评估和可视化更具挑战性,这往往导致研究工作被忽视。根系在 SS 中发挥着双重作用:防止 Na+(钠)从土壤中吸收并积累到芽中。这篇综述强调了 SS 对重塑 RSA 的影响,包括物候学、细胞学和遗传调控。它提供了对根系结构、功能、激素串扰以及针对谷类作物的农艺策略的全面见解。这些见解旨在优化资源捕获、减轻 Na+ 吸收(众所周知,Na+ 吸收会降低盐碱条件下的产量)以及探索根系工程的潜在途径,以规避 SS。
Root System Architecture and Salt Stress Responses in Cereal Crops
Cereal crops are cultivated across diverse regions globally, facing numerous environmental challenges, with salinity posing a significant threat to their growth and productivity. Plants respond to salinity stress (SS) through various morphological and physiological mechanisms. Notably, root system architecture (RSA) has emerged as a crucial factor in aiding nutrient uptake and ensuring efficient water supply, reshaping plant responses, particularly under SS. However, assessing and visualizing RSA and growth patterns in different crops is more challenging than aboveground parts, often leading to neglect in research. Roots serve a dual role in SS: preventing Na+ (sodium) uptake from soil and its accumulation into shoots. This review highlights the impact of SS on remodeling RSA, encompassing phenology, cytology, and genetic regulation. It offers comprehensive insights into root architecture, functionalities, hormonal crosstalk, and agronomic strategies tailored for cereals crops. These insights aim to optimize resource capture, mitigate Na+ uptake—known to reduce yield in saline conditions—and explore potential avenues for engineering roots to circumvent SS.
期刊介绍:
The effects of stress on crop production of agricultural cultivated plants will grow to paramount importance in the 21st century, and the Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science aims to assist in understanding these challenges. In this context, stress refers to extreme conditions under which crops and forages grow. The journal publishes original papers and reviews on the general and special science of abiotic plant stress. Specific topics include: drought, including water-use efficiency, such as salinity, alkaline and acidic stress, extreme temperatures since heat, cold and chilling stress limit the cultivation of crops, flooding and oxidative stress, and means of restricting them. Special attention is on research which have the topic of narrowing the yield gap. The Journal will give preference to field research and studies on plant stress highlighting these subsections. Particular regard is given to application-oriented basic research and applied research. The application of the scientific principles of agricultural crop experimentation is an essential prerequisite for the publication. Studies based on field experiments must show that they have been repeated (at least three times) on the same organism or have been conducted on several different varieties.